Ali Abdella Eltayeib, Tomador Abdelrahman
Gum arabic is a unique and natural product which is very important to the food and pharmaceutical industries. It provides real and sustainable benefits to the environment and the people of those regions. The aim of this study was to determine and compare the physicochemical properties: pH, moisture, ash, nitrogen, protein, optical rotation, equivalent acid weight, and uronic acid content of gum exudates from Acacia seyal var. seyal. The samples were taken from warm seas company in Elobeid city as natural exudates from three different locations in Sudan, namely Alnuhud, Damazine and Sinnar. Statistical analysis of results showed insignificant differences between locations in physicochemical properties: pH, moisture% , ash% , nitrogen%, protein% and optical rotation , and significant differences in equivalent acid weight and uronic acid content between Alnuhud and Sinnar also significant differences in equivalent acid weight and uronic acid between Alnuhud and Damazine . The general characteristics of Acacia Seyal gum might be described as the mean values of all properties studied of all samples of the three different locations: pH (3.4, 3.3, 3.3), moisture (11.6, 10.4, 10.13%), ash (3.53, 2.70, 2.95% ), nitrogen ( 0.143, 0.121, 0.099%), protein ( 0.94, 0.80, 0.66%), optical rotation  (+54, +54, +50), acid equivalent weight (1630.7, 1355.5, 1316.1%) and uronic acid (12.07, 14.32, 14.74%) for Alnuhud, Damazine and Sinnar respectively. The variation in the physicochemical properties of gum exudates between the three different locations may be due to soil, nutritional status of the plant, environmental, and climatic conditions in addition to other factors which can influence the properties of gum exudates.
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