Innovative Journal of Business and Management

R. Karunakaran, Fikre Dessalegn

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The study was undertaken with the prime objective of assessing the impacts brought out by investments in Hawassa City. As the study is basically both empirical and analytical in nature, field survey method was adopted. The study considered only the projects which are operational and at implementation stages. Among the nine investment streams, investors from six streams had given consent to cooperate in the data collection process. Thus the total population for the sample purpose from six streams is 288. Out of 288 projects, 40 sample investors were selected on disproportionate to size sampling basis. Both primary and secondary sources were sought for data collection. Semi structured questionnaire was prepared and distributed among the sample investors. Interviews were conducted with officials of Hawassa City Investment and Environmental Protection Bureau. Focus group discussion was conducted among the dwellers residing near to factories. Descriptive statistical tools such as percentages, average and compound growth rate were used for data analysis. The findings of the study reveal that there is an uneven growth in number of projects and employment creation in Hawassa City. Service rendering stream is found to be dominant in employment creation followed by manufacturing and agro industry. All the sample industries were found to have permanent employees except trade. Majority of the investors attempted for product/service diversification due to investment and the main area preferred for diversification is hotel and tourism. Naturally harvested products were found to be dominant resources heavily depended by the investors. Manufacturing industries were found to be negligent in adhering to environmental standards. Most of the investment streams failed to have pollution control mechanism. Although the investment streams of Hawassa City seem environmental orientation, a lot has to be done on Environmental audit and management so as to minimize pollution from investments. Based on the problems observed through the survey findings, certain recommendations of policy implications have been forwarded to maximizing the contributions of investments in Hawassa City.

Shweta Anand, Deepika Saxena

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Purpose – Considering India’s vast population and its varied geography, the challenge of banking the unbanked cannot be met without appropriate initiatives. Initiatives are being taken by banks in India in various ways i.e. technological advancement, diversification of distribution channels in term of Business Correspondent Model and Business Facilitator Model, by conducting financial literacy programmes and so on.

Objective- The objective of this paper is to identify the level of awareness and the level of usage of the initiatives taken by banking services for inclusion of the low income groups of the society into the formal financial services system.

Design/methodology/approach – For this purpose, primary data is collected from 50 respondents in Delhi/NCR using a questionnaire. It had questions pertaining to awareness and usage of various services offered by Banking to its consumers. The services were categorized as Online Banking, Tele Banking, SMS Banking, ATM Banking and so on. The responses were analyzed with the help of statistical tools.

Findings – The study revealed that people of low income level are aware about those services which are widely spread and have visibility in the society like ATMs. People are also building trust on the business correspondent model as their response towards BCs is positive. SMS service is gaining popularity due to widespread mobile inclusion in India. 

Originality/value – The paper is particularly useful for banks who would like to increase the effectiveness of the services offered by them. For other initiatives to have wider approach, banks need to spread awareness. They should all realize that spreading financial awareness is not one time initiative, but a continuous process.

Yang Donghong, Li Yang

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   In this article, based on steady-state dynamic model in the game analysis, whether large and small enterprises can co-exist, the Sources of competition and so on are reseached to discuss the survival competition of enterprise in the same industry. As a result, each enterprise group exists one point, in this point enterprise grows difficultly because too many enterprises exist in the same group. and there is another point, in this point, enterprise hold back the growth of another group through the competition. the conditions for co-existence of two enterprise groups is that the growth point to limit the growth of another enterprise group is reached before enterprise group reached the growth point to limit itself.