##submission.abstract##
For more than 100 years open cholecystectomy was the effective treatment for both acute and chronic cholecystitis. After the introduction of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy (LC) by Philippe Mouret in France in 1987, this became the gold standard treatment for acute/chronic cholecystitis (1), (2). Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ended attempts for non invasive management of gall stones and offers cure for gall stones with minimally invasive procedure, minimal pain and scarring, and early return of full activity (3).
Various studies confirm that wound infection rates are considerably lower following Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy than those for an open procedure (4).
Due to different modality of creating ports and various approaches in closing the port site leads to variety of results in healing of wounds at that site. This leads on into many complications in some patients. The most common of which are port site infections, hematoma, bilioma and rarely port site hernia. The CDC (Centre of Disease Control) classification of surgical site infection (SSI) includes incisional, which may be “superficial” involving skin and sub cutaneous tissue or “deep” involving fascia and muscles and organ space infections (5). The study published in 2008 in JPMI shows that SSI rate following Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy is 5.78% of which epigastric port involvement is seen in 88% of cases and umbilical port site involvement is seen in 12% (6). These complications are descriptively studied here and assessed such that the best modality could be followed uniformly to prevent complications. We have tried to evaluate different port site complications, their aetiologies, rate at which they occur, in respect to method of port formation, timing of surgery, intra-op difficulties, surgeons experience and patient co-morbidities.