MALNUTRITION, DEVELOPMENTAL DELAY, AND IMPAIRED SOCIAL MATURITY IN RELATION TO TYPE OF CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE AMONG 0–15-YEARS-OLD CHILDREN

  • D Shivaashankari
  • K E Elizabeth
  • K M Sanjay
  • K Rugmini
  • S Kiron
Cite this:
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D Shivaashankari, K E Elizabeth, K M Sanjay, K Rugmini, and S Kiron, “MALNUTRITION, DEVELOPMENTAL DELAY, AND IMPAIRED SOCIAL MATURITY IN RELATION TO TYPE OF CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE AMONG 0–15-YEARS-OLD CHILDREN”, ijmhs, vol. 11, no. 06, Jun. 2021.
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Abstract

Background: Children with congenital heart disease (CHD) have impaired growth and development with adverse outcome. 

Objectives
To determine nutritional status, developmental, and social quotient among 0-15-year-old children with CHD and the association with type of CHD.

Methodology: Among children enrolled under RBSK Scheme, relevant history and examination findings were recorded using a structured proforma. Nutritional status was assessed using anthropometric measurements, Developmental quotient (DQ) using developmental screening test-Bharat Raj and Social quotient (SQ) using Vineland Social Maturity scale-Malin's Indian adaptation.

Results: Out of 60, 46.7% were <5 years old, Male:Female ratio 1:1.4. 86.6% had ACHD, 13.4% CCHD.  61.7% were underweight (ACHD -59.6%, CCHD -75%). 48.3% had stunting (ACHD -44.2%, CCHD -75%); significantly more in CCHD (p <0.01). 66.7% had wasting (ACHD -63.5%, CCHD -87.5%). 48% had thinness/low BMI (ACHD -46.2%, CCHD -62.5%); significantly more in >5-yrs-old group (p<0.01).

63.3% had low DQ <85 (ACHD -59.6%, CCHD -87.5%). 86.7% had low SQ <85 (ACHD -84.6%, CCHD -100%). Mean DQ was low, 74.2 +/-17.9 (ACHD -77.23 +/-17.2, CCHD -57.87 +/-16); significantly more in CCHD (p <0.01). Mean SQ was low 63.18 +/-17.5 (ACHD -65.21 +/-17.2, CCHD -50 +/-12.8); significantly more in CCHD (p <0.01).

Conclusion: Malnutrition, developmental delay, and impaired social maturity were common; stunting and lower DQ and SQ significantly more in CCHD and low BMI in >5-yrs.-old category. More females being enrolled indicate less gender bias. As RBSK scheme, addresses birth defects, developmental delay, and nutritional deficiencies and accredits private institutions, it is a big boon to children with CHD.

Keywords: Malnutrition, Congenital Heart Disease, Developmental Delay, Impaired Social Maturity, DQ, SQ, Stunting, Underweight, Wasting, RBSK.

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“I certify that I have participated sufficiently in the conception and design of this work and the analysis of the data (wherever applicable), as well as the writing of the manuscript, to take public responsibility for it. I believe the manuscript represents valid work. I have reviewed the final version of the manuscript and approve it for publication. Neither has the manuscript nor one with substantially similar content under my authorship been published nor is being considered for publication elsewhere, except as described in an attachment. Furthermore I attest that I shall produce the data upon which the manuscript is based for examination by the editors or their assignees, if requested.”

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