Journal of Business Management and Economics

This study investigated the level of adoption and factor affecting the level of adoption of sustainable soil management practices. This research was based on the primary data that was collected in 2012 at Chisapani, Nagdaha and Kathjor VDCs of Ramechhap district of Nepal to analyze the level of adoption and factor affecting the level of adoption of sustainable soil management practices. Pre-tested semi structured interview schedule were used to collect the primary data from 120 farmers, 40 farmers from each VDC by applying simple random sampling technique. The major sustainable soil management practices adopted were found to be improved farm yard manure, improved cattle urine, inclusion of the vegetable and legume in the farming system and use of the bio-pesticide. The level of technology adoption was found to be 79.55% and this shows that the level of adoption was high. The higher level of adoption was due to increase in the production and productivity of the crops and improvement in soil fertility.  While considering about the factor affecting the adoption of sustainable soil management practices, the study showed that the five variables namely training, credit, income, livestock standard unit and experience were significantly affecting for higher level of adoption. A unit increase in training, credit, livestock standard unit and experience would increase the probability of level of adoption by 3.48%, 0.83%, 0.45% and 1.1% respectively and a hundred rupees increase in income would increase the probability of level of adoption by 0.0819%.

Marketing practices have changed a lot in the past century. From focusing solely on production, to the product, then on sales and then on consumer’s desires, there was always an aspect missing in sellers’ marketing process. Focusing completely on consumer needs wasn’t enough because society and the consumers could suffer as a result of false advertising and manufacture of harmful goods.

Thus, there has been a gradual shift towards societal and ethical marketing- one that embraces the welfare of all parties, i.e producers, consumers, society, and the planet. Producers are starting to realise that it is the best method to derive long term benefits, which outweighs the loss due to extra expenditure that they may have to incur to do the same.

In this paper, we aim to show how important ethical practices are in the field of marketing and also educate consumers about their rights.

The primary sources of data are questionnaires and the secondary sources are journals, books and websites.