Analysis of Spirituality and Spiritual Care Perception of Students at Faculties of Health Sciences

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Muhsine Es*, Fatma Eti Aslan, Fadime Çinar, “Analysis of Spirituality and Spiritual Care Perception of Students at Faculties of Health Sciences”, ijmhs, vol. 10, no. 04, pp. 964–979, Apr. 2020.
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Abstract

Aim: This study was designed to analyze the perception of spirituality and
spiritual support of students studying at faculties of health sciences.
Materials and Methodology: This descriptive study population was collected of
1382 students receiving education at the departments of Nutrition and Dietetics,
Pediatric Development, Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation and Nursing and
Health Management of a Foundation University. Sampling method was not
preferred in this research but students who agreed to take part in the study were
included within its scope. Data was collected between January 3-8, 2018 and the
research was completed with 857 students. In addition, relevant data was collected
by means of “Individual Information Form” and “Spirituality and Spiritual Care
Rating Scale”. SPPS 24.0 statistical package software was used in the assessment of
the data.
Findings: It was determined that 37.7% of the students participating in the
research study are in the Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, 23% are 20 years
old and 84.7% are female. It was further determined that 27.4% are juniors, 77.2%
did not receive any education on spirituality and the majority of those who did
found the education on spirituality sufficient. The total mean score of all students
was determined as 53,60 ± 9,58 as a result of the “Spirituality and Spiritual Rating
Care Scale” evaluations in the study. There was no statistically significant
difference (p>0.05) between the mean score of the students according to their
departments and age variable. On the other hand, there was a statistically
significant difference (p<0.05) between the mean scale scores of the freshmen and
senior students in their departments. In addition, there was a statistically
significant difference (p<0.05) between the mean scale scores of the students who
received education on spirituality and those who did not.
Conclusion: the study reveals that students have an above average understanding
of spirituality and spiritual care, but do not receive sufficient education on the
subject. Therefore, there is a need for a higher level of education in this area. It is
recommended that educational institutions provide classes on spiritual care so
that students fill the gap in their knowledge.
Key Words: Spirituality, Spiritual Care, Health, Health Sciences Students

KEYWORDS:

 Special Issue

References

1.Arslan, H., and Konuk ?ener, D., 2009.Spiritüalite ve Konfor Kavramlar?n?nMeleis?in Kavram Geli?tirme Sürecinegöre ?rdelenmesi. Maltepe ÜniversitesiHem?irelik Bilim ve Sanat? Dergisi.2 (1),pp. 51-58.2.Atabek, E.A., and Karada?, A., 2013.Hem?irelik Esaslar?: Hem?irelik Bilimi veEsaslar?. ?stanbul: Akademi Bas?m veYay?nc?l?k, pp. 1136-1137. 3.Baldacchino, D.,2006. Nursing Competencies for Spiritual Care. Journalof Clinical Nursing.15 (7), pp. 885-896. 4.Boztilki, M., and Ard?ç, E., 2017.Maneviyat ve Sa?l?k. Jaren Hem?irelikAkademik Ara?t?rma Dergisi.3 (1), pp.39-45. 5.Chan, M.F., 2010. Factors AffectingNursing Staff in Practicing SpiritualCare. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 19(15?16), p.2136. 6.Chung, M.J.,& Young, Y., 2011.Development and Effectiveness of aSpiritual Care Education Program forNursing Students-Based on the ASSETModel. Journal of Korean Academy ofNursing. 41(5), pp. 673-683. 7.Creedy, D.,& Tiew, L.H., 2010.Integration of Spirituality in NursingPractice: A Literature Review. SingaporeNursing Journal. 37 (1), pp. 15-21. 8.Çelik ?nce, S., and Uta? Akhan, L,. 2016.Ö?renci Hem?irelerin Maneviyat veManevi Bak?ma ?li?kin Alg?lar?.Hem?irelikte E?itim Ve Ara?t?rmaDergisi. 13 (3): 202-208 9.Çelik, A.S., Özdemir, F., Durmaz, H., &Pasinlio?lu, T., 2014. Hem?irelerinManeviyat ve Manevi Bak?m? Alg?lamaDüzeyleri ve Etkileyen Baz? FaktörlerinBelirlenmesi. Hacettepe ÜniversitesiHem?irelik Fakültesi Dergisi. 1(3), pp.12. 10.Çetinkaya, B., Altunda?, S., and Azak,A., 2007. Spiritüel Bak?m ve Hem?irelik.Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi T?pFakültesi Dergisi. 8(1), pp. 47-50. 11.Ç?nar, F., and Eti Aslan, F., 2017.Spiritüalizm ve Hem?irelik: Yo?unBak?m Hastalar?nda Spiritüel Bak?m?nÖnemi. Jaren Hem?irelik AkademikAra?t?rma Dergisi. 3(1), pp. 37-42. 12.Da?tan, N.B., and Buzlu, S., 2010. MemeKanseri Hastalar?nda Maneviyat?nEtkileri ve Manevi Bak?m. MaltepeÜniversitesi Hem?irelik Bilim ve Sanat?Dergisi. 3 (1), pp. 73-78. 13.E?lence, R., and ?im?ek, N., 2014.Hem?irelerin Maneviyat ve ManeviBak?m Hakk?ndakiBilgilerinin De?erlendirilmesi.Ac?badem Üniversitesi Sa?l?k Bilimleri Dergisi. 5(1). pp. 48-53. 14.Ergül, ?., and Bay?k, A., 2004.Hem?irelik veManevi Bak?m. CumhuriyetÜniversitesi Hem?irelik Yüksekokulu Dergisi. 8(1),pp. 37-45. 15.Ergül, ?., and Bay?k, A., 2007.Maneviyat ve Manevi Bak?m DerecelemeÖlçe?i?nin Türkçe Formunun Geçerlilikve Güvenilirli?i. Ege ÜniversitesiHem?irelik Yüksek Okulu Dergisi. 23(1),pp. 75-87. 16.Hall, J., 2006. Spirituality at theBeginning of Life. Journal of ClinicalNursing. 15(7), pp. 804-810. 17.Hiçdurmaz, D., and Oz, F., 2013. StresleBa? Etmenin bir Boyutu olarakSpiritüalite. Journal of Anatolia Nursingand Health Sciences. 16(1), 50-56. 18.Hodge, D.R., 2005. Spiritual Ecograms:A new Assessment Instrument forIdentifying Clients? Spiritual Strengths inSpace and across Time. Families inSociety.86 (2), pp. 287-296. 19.Hsiao, Y.C., Chiang, H.Y., & Chien,L.Y., 2010. An Exploration of the Statusof Spiritual Health among NursingStudents in Taiwan. Nurse educationtoday. 30(5), pp. 386-392. 20.Kalkim, A., Midilli, T.S., & Baysal, E.,2016. An Investigation of the Perceptionsand Practices of Nursing Studentsregarding Spirituality and SpiritualCare. Religions. 7(8), p.101. 21.Kavak, F., Mankan, T., Polat, H., Ç?tl?kSar?ta?, S., and Sar?ta?, S., 2014.Hem?irelerin Manevi Bak?ma ?li?kinGörü?leri.?nönü Üniversitesi Sa?l?kBilimleri Dergisi.3 (1), pp. 21-24. 22.Kavas, E.,& Kavas, N.,2015. “Hastalarda Manevi Bak?m ?htiyac???Konusunda Doktor, Ebe ve Hem?irelerinManevi Destek Alg?s?n?n Belirlenmesi:Denizli Örne?i. Literature and History ofTurkish or Turkic. 10 (14), pp. 449-460. 23.Khairunnisa, A.D., 2014. Spirituality andNursing an Ismaili Perspective onHolistic Nursing Care. Journal ofHolisticNursing.32 (4), pp. 341-346. 24.Korkmaz, A., 2010. Hastanede DinîHayat: Teorik Çerçeve. NecmettinErbakan Üniversitesi ?lahiyat FakültesiDergisi. 29(29), pp.283-307. 25.Kostak, M.A., Çelikkalp, Ü., and Demir,M., 2010. Hem?ire ve EbelerinManeviyat ve Manevi Bak?ma ili?kinDü?ünceleri. Maltepe Üniversitesi Hem?irelik Bilim ve Sanat? Dergisi. Sempozyum Özel Say?s?, pp. 218-225. 26.Lopez, V., Leigh, M.C., Fischer, I., &Larkin, D., 2015. Perceptions ofSpirituality in Australian UndergraduateNursing Students: A Pre-and Post-testStudy. Nursing Practice Today. 2(1),ss.10-15. 27.Mathews, I., 2009. Social Work andSpirituality. Learning Matters Press.United Kingdom. pp.19-148. 28.McSherry, W., Draper, P., & Kendrick,D., 2002, The Construct Validity of aRating Scale Designed to AssessSpirituality and Spiritual Care.International Journal of Nursing Studies.39(7), pp. 723-34. 29.McSherry, W., Gretton, M., Draper, P., &Watson, R., 2008. The Ethical Basis ofTeaching Spirituality and Spiritual Care:A Survey of Student NursesPerceptions. Nurse Education Today. 28(8), pp. 1002-1008. 30.McSherry, W., ve Ross, L. (Eds.),2010. Spiritual Assessment in HealthcarePractice. KeswickCumbria . M&K Update Ltd, pp. 1-190. 31.McSherry, W.,& Jamieson, S., 2011. AnOnline Survey of Nurses? Perceptions ofSpirituality and Spiritual Care. Journal ofClinical Nursing.20(11-12). pp. 1757-1767. 32.Midilli, T. S., Kalk?m, A., & Da?han, ?.(2017). Spiritual Care-related Opinionsand Practices of Nursing StudentsHem?irelik/Ö?rencilerininManevi Bak?ma ili?kinGörü? ve Uygulamalar?. Journalof Human Sciences, 14(1), 666-677. 33.Özbasaran, F., Ergul, S., Temel, A.B.,Gurol Aslan, G., & Coban, A., 2011.Turkish Nurses? Perceptions ofSpirituality and Spiritual care. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 20(21?22), 3102-3110. 34.Pour, H.A., and Özvurmaz, S., 2017.Hem?irelik ve Ebelik ?ntörnÖ?rencilerinde Manevi Bak?ma YönelikAlg? ve UygulamaModelinin De?erlendirilmesi. Journalof Contemporary Medicine.7(3), pp. 225-233. 35.Wong, K.F., Lee, L.Y., & Lee, J.K.,2008. Hong Kong Enrolled Nurses?Perceptions of Spirituality and SpiritualCare. International Nursing Review. 55(3), p. 3. 36.Wu, L.F., Liao, Y.C., & Yeh, D.C., 2012.Nursing Student Perceptions ofSpirituality and Spiritual Care. Journal ofNursing Research. 20(3), pp. 219-227. 37.Y?lmaz, M., and Okyay, N., 2009.Hem?irelerin Maneviyat ve ManeviBakima ili?kin Görü?leri. TurkishJournal of Research & Development inNursing. 11 (3), pp. 41-59. 38.Yilmaz, M.,& Gurler, H.,2014. TheEfficacy of Integrating Spirituality intoUndergraduate NursingCurricula. Nursing ethics. 21(8), pp. 929-945.

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References

1.Arslan, H., and Konuk ?ener, D., 2009.Spiritüalite ve Konfor Kavramlar?n?nMeleis?in Kavram Geli?tirme Sürecinegöre ?rdelenmesi. Maltepe ÜniversitesiHem?irelik Bilim ve Sanat? Dergisi.2 (1),pp. 51-58.2.Atabek, E.A., and Karada?, A., 2013.Hem?irelik Esaslar?: Hem?irelik Bilimi veEsaslar?. ?stanbul: Akademi Bas?m veYay?nc?l?k, pp. 1136-1137.
3.Baldacchino, D.,2006. Nursing Competencies for Spiritual Care. Journalof Clinical Nursing.15 (7), pp. 885-896.
4.Boztilki, M., and Ard?ç, E., 2017.Maneviyat ve Sa?l?k. Jaren Hem?irelikAkademik Ara?t?rma Dergisi.3 (1), pp.39-45.
5.Chan, M.F., 2010. Factors AffectingNursing Staff in Practicing SpiritualCare. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 19(15?16), p.2136.
6.Chung, M.J.,& Young, Y., 2011.Development and Effectiveness of aSpiritual Care Education Program forNursing Students-Based on the ASSETModel. Journal of Korean Academy ofNursing. 41(5), pp. 673-683.
7.Creedy, D.,& Tiew, L.H., 2010.Integration of Spirituality in NursingPractice: A Literature Review. SingaporeNursing Journal. 37 (1), pp. 15-21.
8.Çelik ?nce, S., and Uta? Akhan, L,. 2016.Ö?renci Hem?irelerin Maneviyat veManevi Bak?ma ?li?kin Alg?lar?.Hem?irelikte E?itim Ve Ara?t?rmaDergisi. 13 (3): 202-208
9.Çelik, A.S., Özdemir, F., Durmaz, H., &Pasinlio?lu, T., 2014. Hem?irelerinManeviyat ve Manevi Bak?m? Alg?lamaDüzeyleri ve Etkileyen Baz? FaktörlerinBelirlenmesi. Hacettepe ÜniversitesiHem?irelik Fakültesi Dergisi. 1(3), pp.12.
10.Çetinkaya, B., Altunda?, S., and Azak,A., 2007. Spiritüel Bak?m ve Hem?irelik.Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi T?pFakültesi Dergisi. 8(1), pp. 47-50.
11.Ç?nar, F., and Eti Aslan, F., 2017.Spiritüalizm ve Hem?irelik: Yo?unBak?m Hastalar?nda Spiritüel Bak?m?nÖnemi. Jaren Hem?irelik AkademikAra?t?rma Dergisi. 3(1), pp. 37-42.
12.Da?tan, N.B., and Buzlu, S., 2010. MemeKanseri Hastalar?nda Maneviyat?nEtkileri ve Manevi Bak?m. MaltepeÜniversitesi Hem?irelik Bilim ve Sanat?Dergisi. 3 (1), pp. 73-78.
13.E?lence, R., and ?im?ek, N., 2014.Hem?irelerin Maneviyat ve ManeviBak?m Hakk?ndakiBilgilerinin De?erlendirilmesi.Ac?badem Üniversitesi Sa?l?k Bilimleri Dergisi. 5(1). pp. 48-53.
14.Ergül, ?., and Bay?k, A., 2004.Hem?irelik veManevi Bak?m. CumhuriyetÜniversitesi Hem?irelik Yüksekokulu Dergisi. 8(1),pp. 37-45.
15.Ergül, ?., and Bay?k, A., 2007.Maneviyat ve Manevi Bak?m DerecelemeÖlçe?i?nin Türkçe Formunun Geçerlilikve Güvenilirli?i. Ege ÜniversitesiHem?irelik Yüksek Okulu Dergisi. 23(1),pp. 75-87.
16.Hall, J., 2006. Spirituality at theBeginning of Life. Journal of ClinicalNursing. 15(7), pp. 804-810.
17.Hiçdurmaz, D., and Oz, F., 2013. StresleBa? Etmenin bir Boyutu olarakSpiritüalite. Journal of Anatolia Nursingand Health Sciences. 16(1), 50-56.
18.Hodge, D.R., 2005. Spiritual Ecograms:A new Assessment Instrument forIdentifying Clients? Spiritual Strengths inSpace and across Time. Families inSociety.86 (2), pp. 287-296.
19.Hsiao, Y.C., Chiang, H.Y., & Chien,L.Y., 2010. An Exploration of the Statusof Spiritual Health among NursingStudents in Taiwan. Nurse educationtoday. 30(5), pp. 386-392.
20.Kalkim, A., Midilli, T.S., & Baysal, E.,2016. An Investigation of the Perceptionsand Practices of Nursing Studentsregarding Spirituality and SpiritualCare. Religions. 7(8), p.101.
21.Kavak, F., Mankan, T., Polat, H., Ç?tl?kSar?ta?, S., and Sar?ta?, S., 2014.Hem?irelerin Manevi Bak?ma ?li?kinGörü?leri.?nönü Üniversitesi Sa?l?kBilimleri Dergisi.3 (1), pp. 21-24.
22.Kavas, E.,& Kavas, N.,2015. “Hastalarda Manevi Bak?m ?htiyac???Konusunda Doktor, Ebe ve Hem?irelerinManevi Destek Alg?s?n?n Belirlenmesi:Denizli Örne?i. Literature and History ofTurkish or Turkic. 10 (14), pp. 449-460.
23.Khairunnisa, A.D., 2014. Spirituality andNursing an Ismaili Perspective onHolistic Nursing Care. Journal ofHolisticNursing.32 (4), pp. 341-346.
24.Korkmaz, A., 2010. Hastanede DinîHayat: Teorik Çerçeve. NecmettinErbakan Üniversitesi ?lahiyat FakültesiDergisi. 29(29), pp.283-307.
25.Kostak, M.A., Çelikkalp, Ü., and Demir,M., 2010. Hem?ire ve EbelerinManeviyat ve Manevi Bak?ma ili?kinDü?ünceleri. Maltepe Üniversitesi Hem?irelik Bilim ve Sanat? Dergisi. Sempozyum Özel Say?s?, pp. 218-225.
26.Lopez, V., Leigh, M.C., Fischer, I., &Larkin, D., 2015. Perceptions ofSpirituality in Australian UndergraduateNursing Students: A Pre-and Post-testStudy. Nursing Practice Today. 2(1),ss.10-15.
27.Mathews, I., 2009. Social Work andSpirituality. Learning Matters Press.United Kingdom. pp.19-148.
28.McSherry, W., Draper, P., & Kendrick,D., 2002, The Construct Validity of aRating Scale Designed to AssessSpirituality and Spiritual Care.International Journal of Nursing Studies.39(7), pp. 723-34.
29.McSherry, W., Gretton, M., Draper, P., &Watson, R., 2008. The Ethical Basis ofTeaching Spirituality and Spiritual Care:A Survey of Student NursesPerceptions. Nurse Education Today. 28(8), pp. 1002-1008.
30.McSherry, W., ve Ross, L. (Eds.),2010. Spiritual Assessment in HealthcarePractice. KeswickCumbria . M&K Update Ltd, pp. 1-190.
31.McSherry, W.,& Jamieson, S., 2011. AnOnline Survey of Nurses? Perceptions ofSpirituality and Spiritual Care. Journal ofClinical Nursing.20(11-12). pp. 1757-1767.
32.Midilli, T. S., Kalk?m, A., & Da?han, ?.(2017). Spiritual Care-related Opinionsand Practices of Nursing StudentsHem?irelik/Ö?rencilerininManevi Bak?ma ili?kinGörü? ve Uygulamalar?. Journalof Human Sciences, 14(1), 666-677.
33.Özbasaran, F., Ergul, S., Temel, A.B.,Gurol Aslan, G., & Coban, A., 2011.Turkish Nurses? Perceptions ofSpirituality and Spiritual care. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 20(21?22), 3102-3110. 34.Pour, H.A., and Özvurmaz, S., 2017.Hem?irelik ve Ebelik ?ntörnÖ?rencilerinde Manevi Bak?ma YönelikAlg? ve UygulamaModelinin De?erlendirilmesi. Journalof Contemporary Medicine.7(3), pp. 225-233.
35.Wong, K.F., Lee, L.Y., & Lee, J.K.,2008. Hong Kong Enrolled Nurses?Perceptions of Spirituality and SpiritualCare. International Nursing Review. 55(3), p. 3.
36.Wu, L.F., Liao, Y.C., & Yeh, D.C., 2012.Nursing Student Perceptions ofSpirituality and Spiritual Care. Journal ofNursing Research. 20(3), pp. 219-227.
37.Y?lmaz, M., and Okyay, N., 2009.Hem?irelerin Maneviyat ve ManeviBakima ili?kin Görü?leri. TurkishJournal of Research & Development inNursing. 11 (3), pp. 41-59.
38.Yilmaz, M.,& Gurler, H.,2014. TheEfficacy of Integrating Spirituality intoUndergraduate NursingCurricula. Nursing ethics. 21(8), pp. 929-945.

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