VIRAL HEPATITIS AND THE ANAESTHESIOLOGIST

  • Safiya I Shaikh
  • Ashly John
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S. I. Shaikh and A. John, “VIRAL HEPATITIS AND THE ANAESTHESIOLOGIST”, ijmhs, vol. 4, no. 1, Jan. 2014.
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Abstract

Abstract

Viral hepatitis is a disease which causes an enormous amount of morbidity and mortality.There are several types with which the anaesthetist should be familiar, some of which represent occupational hazards while others are part of the differential diagnosis in the patient who develops hepatitis postoperatively.Hepatitis can occur due to infections, alcoholism, drugs and metabolic disorders. Infectious hepatitis especially viral is not only common, but also has most serious implications. Anaesthesiologist may have to evaluate, prepare and anaesthetize patient of hepatitis for various surgeries on elective, semi elective or emergency basis.. The write up also includes important perioperative considerations for the operative procedures.

 

Keywords: Viral Hepatitis, Anaesthetic implications, Hepatitis B Vaccine

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References

1. Abraham P-GB virus C/hepatitis G virus- its role in human disease redefined? Indian J Med Res 2007; 125: 717-9 2. Kar P- Viral Hepatitis- Is it a challenge in the Indian subcontinent? Indian J Med Res 2007; 125 :608-11 3. Acharya SK, Panda SK, Saxena A, Gupta SD- Acute hepatic failure in India: a prospective from the East. Gastroenterol Hepatol 2000; 15: 473-9 4. Tewari R, Aggarwal A ,Devi P, Sero-prevalence of hepatitis B, hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency viruses amongst drug users in Amritsar. Indian J Med Microbiol 2006; 24: 151-2 5. Hsu H, Feinstone SM, Hoofnagle JH. Acute viral Hepatitis. In Mandell GL, Bennett JE, and Dolin R, editors, Principles And Practices Of Infectious Diseases, 4th edition, New York: Churchill Livingstone, 1995; 1136-1153 6. Kawai H, Feinstone SM. Acute viral hepatitis. In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R editors. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 5th edition, Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone, 2000; 1280-282. 7. Das K, Kar P, Gupta RK, Das BC- Role of transfusion transmitted virus in acute viral hepatitis and fulminant hepatic failure of unknown aetiology. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2004; 19: 406-12 8. Vento S, Garofano T, Renzini C et al: Fulminant hepatitis associated with hepatitis A virus superinfection in patients with chronic hepatitis C. N Engl J Med 1998; 338: 286 9. Scott JD, Gretch DR: Molecular diagnostics of hepatitis C virus infection: a systematic review. JAMA 2007; 297: 724 10. Eriksson LS, Broome U, Kalin M, Lindholm M: Hepatotoxicity due to repeated intake of low doses of paracetamol. J Intern Med 1992; 231: 567 11. Rabin L. Hepatitis. In: Mandell GM, editor in Chief, Atlas of Infectious Diseases, volume VII, Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone 1996; 2.01-2.54. 12. Lentschener C, Ozier Y. What anaesthetists need to know about viral hepatitis. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2003 Aug;47(7):794-803. Review. PubMed PMID: 12859298. 13. Berry AJ, Isaacson IJ, Kane MA et al: A multicenter study of epidemiology of hepatitis B in anesthesia residents. Anesth Analg 64:672, 1985. 14. Dienstag JL, Werner BG, Polk BF et al: Hepatitis B vaccine in health care personnel: Safety, immunogenicity, and indicators of efficacy. Ann Intern Med 101:34, 1984. 15. McAleer WJ, Buynak EB, Maigetter RA et al: Hepatitis B vaccine from recombinant yeast. Nature 307:178, 1984. 16. Centers for Disease Control: Update on hepatitis B prevention: Recommendations of the immunization practices advisory committee. Ann Intern Med 107:353, 1987. 17. Reingold AL, Kane MA, Hightower AW: Failure of gloves and other protective devices to prevent transmission of hepatitis B virus to oral surgeons. JAMA 259:2558, 1988. 18. Centers for Disease Control: Immune globulins for protection against viral hepatitis. Ann Intern Med 96:193, 1982. 19. Ward ME, Trewby PN, Williams R et al: Acute liver failure. Anesthesia 32:228, 1977. 20. Wilkinson SP, Arroyo VA, Moodie H et al: Abnormalities of sodium excretion and other disorders of renal function in fulminant hepatic failure. Gut 17:501, 1976. 21. Powell-Jackson P, Greenway B, Williams R: Adverse effects of laparotomy in patients with unsuspected liver disease. Br J Surg 69:449, 1982. 22. Gelman S, Fowler KC, Smith LR: Liver circulation and function during isoflurane and halothane anesthesia. Anesthesiology 61:726, 1984. 23. Williams RL: Drug administration in hepatic disease. N Engl J Med 309:1616, 1983. 24. McHorse TS, Wilkinson GR, Johnson RF et al: Effect of acute viral hepatitis in man on the disposition and elimination of meperidine. Gastroenterology 68:775, 1975. 25. Read AE, Laidlaw J, McCarthy CF: Effects of chlorpromazine in patients with hepatic disease. Br Med J 3:497, 1969. 26. Saxena R, Zucker SD, Crawford JM: Anatomy and physiology of the liver. In: Zakim D, Boyer D, ed. Hepatology: A Textbook of Liver Disease, Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 2003:3-30 27. Harville DD, Dummerskill WHJ: Surgery in acute hepatitis: Causes and effects. JAMA 184:257,1963

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References

1. Abraham P-GB virus C/hepatitis G virus- its role in human disease redefined? Indian J Med Res 2007; 125: 717-9
2. Kar P- Viral Hepatitis- Is it a challenge in the Indian subcontinent? Indian J Med Res 2007; 125 :608-11
3. Acharya SK, Panda SK, Saxena A, Gupta SD- Acute hepatic failure in India: a prospective from the East. Gastroenterol Hepatol 2000; 15: 473-9
4. Tewari R, Aggarwal A ,Devi P, Sero-prevalence of hepatitis B, hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency viruses amongst drug users in Amritsar. Indian J Med Microbiol 2006; 24: 151-2
5. Hsu H, Feinstone SM, Hoofnagle JH. Acute viral Hepatitis. In Mandell GL, Bennett JE, and Dolin R, editors, Principles And Practices Of Infectious Diseases, 4th edition, New York: Churchill Livingstone, 1995; 1136-1153
6. Kawai H, Feinstone SM. Acute viral hepatitis. In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R editors. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 5th edition, Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone, 2000; 1280-282.
7. Das K, Kar P, Gupta RK, Das BC- Role of transfusion transmitted virus in acute viral hepatitis and fulminant hepatic failure of unknown aetiology. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2004; 19: 406-12
8. Vento S, Garofano T, Renzini C et al: Fulminant hepatitis associated with hepatitis A virus superinfection in patients with chronic hepatitis C. N Engl J Med 1998; 338: 286
9. Scott JD, Gretch DR: Molecular diagnostics of hepatitis C virus infection: a systematic review. JAMA 2007; 297: 724
10. Eriksson LS, Broome U, Kalin M, Lindholm M: Hepatotoxicity due to repeated intake of low doses of paracetamol. J Intern Med 1992; 231: 567
11. Rabin L. Hepatitis. In: Mandell GM, editor in Chief, Atlas of Infectious Diseases, volume VII, Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone 1996; 2.01-2.54.
12. Lentschener C, Ozier Y. What anaesthetists need to know about viral hepatitis. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2003 Aug;47(7):794-803. Review. PubMed PMID: 12859298.
13. Berry AJ, Isaacson IJ, Kane MA et al: A multicenter study of epidemiology of hepatitis B in anesthesia residents. Anesth Analg 64:672, 1985.
14. Dienstag JL, Werner BG, Polk BF et al: Hepatitis B vaccine in health care personnel: Safety, immunogenicity, and indicators of efficacy. Ann Intern Med 101:34, 1984.
15. McAleer WJ, Buynak EB, Maigetter RA et al: Hepatitis B vaccine from recombinant yeast. Nature 307:178, 1984.
16. Centers for Disease Control: Update on hepatitis B prevention: Recommendations of the immunization practices advisory committee. Ann Intern Med 107:353, 1987.
17. Reingold AL, Kane MA, Hightower AW: Failure of gloves and other protective devices to prevent transmission of hepatitis B virus to oral surgeons. JAMA 259:2558, 1988.
18. Centers for Disease Control: Immune globulins for protection against viral hepatitis. Ann Intern Med 96:193, 1982.
19. Ward ME, Trewby PN, Williams R et al: Acute liver failure. Anesthesia 32:228, 1977.
20. Wilkinson SP, Arroyo VA, Moodie H et al: Abnormalities of sodium excretion and other disorders of renal function in fulminant hepatic failure. Gut 17:501, 1976.
21. Powell-Jackson P, Greenway B, Williams R: Adverse effects of laparotomy in patients with unsuspected liver disease. Br J Surg 69:449, 1982.
22. Gelman S, Fowler KC, Smith LR: Liver circulation and function during isoflurane and halothane anesthesia. Anesthesiology 61:726, 1984.
23. Williams RL: Drug administration in hepatic disease. N Engl J Med 309:1616, 1983.
24. McHorse TS, Wilkinson GR, Johnson RF et al: Effect of acute viral hepatitis in man on the disposition and elimination of meperidine. Gastroenterology 68:775, 1975.
25. Read AE, Laidlaw J, McCarthy CF: Effects of chlorpromazine in patients with hepatic disease. Br Med J 3:497, 1969.
26. Saxena R, Zucker SD, Crawford JM: Anatomy and physiology of the liver. In: Zakim D, Boyer D, ed. Hepatology: A Textbook of Liver Disease, Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 2003:3-30
27. Harville DD, Dummerskill WHJ: Surgery in acute hepatitis: Causes and effects. JAMA 184:257,1963

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