Innovative Journal of Medical and Health Sciences

The present study was carried out to assess the sickle cell anemia and morbidity pattern among tribal population in Pombhurna Tahsil of  Chandrapur district in  Maharashtra, India.  The subjects were screened by solubility test and positive samples were subjected to cellulose acetate membrane electrophoresis. The study showed that 5.54% subjects were having sickle cell anemia. The common morbidity forms were joint pain (56%) and attacks of abdominal pain (24 %).

Background: Stone Quarry workers in India work in dusty environment and it is an unorganized sector scattered all over India. Various procedure and methods are involved in this work. Respiratory morbidity is commonly associated with this industry.

Objective: 1) To Study the socio-demographic profile of stone quarry workers in Wardha district. 2) To assess the health status of stone quarry workers with special reference to respiratory morbidities.

Method: A cross sectional study was carried out at a stone quarry in Yelakeli, in Wardha district. It included total 150 workers of which Male: 138, Female: 12. Pulmonary function test was also carried out.

Result: Most of the workers 63% of them were between 21 to 40 years of age. 89% of the workers were staying near the stone crushing industry. 68% of the workers were working since less than 5 years. 81% of the workers were not using any protective equipment.  Smokers had decreased PEFR than the non-smokers, more than 30 years old had decreased PEFR.

Conclusion: Many of workers had some or the other health related problems. The significant problems were musculoskeletal problems, eye problems and respiratory problems.

Objectives: The objective of our study was to compare anthropometric and biochemical parameters in adolescents of one and both diabetic parents along with β cell function in both the groups.

Material and methods: It is an observational analytical study which had been carried out in the Department of Biochemistry, JNMC, DMIMS (DU), Sawangi (M), Wardha. In which 50 adolescents (17±2 years of age) participated. Out of them 42 were having one diabetic parent while 8 had both diabetic parents. All subjects were evaluated for WC, BMI, BP, FPG, Lipid profile, insulin level, insulin resistance and β-cell function by standard methods.

Observations and Result: Body Mass Index (BMI), serum triglyceride (TG) levels, serum insulin levels, insulin resistance and β-cell function was significantly high in adolescents of both diabetic parents as compared to one diabetic parent. These were 26.99 ± 6.67kg/m², 102.04  ±  28.52 mg/dl, 22.7 ±  4.96 μIU/ml,   4.97 ±  1.37 and 211.74 ± 113.37 % respectively in adolescents of both diabetic parents as compared to 22.21 ± 3.94 kg/m², 74.59 ±  27.73 mg/dl, 15.42 ±  6.85 μIU/ml, 3.50 ± 1.66 and  348.2 ±  105.8 % respectively  in adolescents of one diabetic parent.

Conclusion: Insulin resistance syndrome (IRS) is a constant precursor for type-2 DM, which starts 10-20 years before the development of type-2 DM. So we can say that adolescents especially whose both parents are diabetic are on the edge of development of insulin resistant syndrome and later the Diabetes mellitus.

Pre-oxygenation is a time honoured ritual carried out in a variety of circumstances. Various methods of pre-oxygenation have been proposed and followed world wide with vaviable success. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the need for pre-oxygenation prior to the induction of general anaesthesia and also compare the effects of two techniques of pre-oxygenation, on peripheral oxygen saturation.

 Hundred ASA grade I and II patients in the age group of 20 – 40 years were studied under two equal groups. Group I received pre-oxygenation for three minutes and in Group II patients were assigned for four maximal breaths pre-oxygenation techniques. The lengths of time interval of apnoeic period i.e; the time taken for oxygen saturation to decrease to 90% level on pulse oximeter were compared using unpaired ‘t’ test.

 In our study, after comparing the times for desaturation to oxygen saturation level of 90% during apnoea in both the methods, it was found that the mean time to desaturation in four maximal breaths method was 110.40 ± 30.27 seconds. The mean time to desaturation the three minutes method was 281.70 ± 18 seconds.The difference between the two methods was significant statistically. ( P less than 0.05 ).

Pre-oxygenation for three minutes prior to induction of general anaesthesia with normal breathing is an effective and safe method of pre-oxygenation. 

Knowledge of the anatomical variations of the profunda femoris artery is essential during angiographic diagnostic procedures as well as during performing surgery in the thigh region. The expanding scope of the intervention radiology has prompted this study on the variations of the origin of profunda femoris artery. The aim of this study is to determine the variations in the origin of profunda femoris artery in relation to inguinal ligament and femoral artery. Materials and method- The study material consists of 50 adult lower limb specimens from 25 adult embalmed and formalin fixed cadavers (18 males and 7 females), which were studied by direct dissection method. Results-[1]The distance between the inguinal ligament and  the origin of the profunda femoris artery  was less than 2.5cm in 12%  of cases, 2.5-3.8cm in 68% of cases and 3.8-5.1cm in 20% of cases. [2]The origin of the profunda femoris artery was lateral to the femoral artery in 76% of the cases. In 16% of the cases the origin of  the profunda femoris artery was posterolateral to the femoral artery and in 8% of the cases the origin of the profunda femoris artery was posterior to the femoral artery. Conclusion-Awareness of the site of origin and distance of profunda femoris artery from the inguinal lligament will allow the surgeons to define the vascular patterns before performing any invasive procedure and to avoid unexpected iatrogenic injuries.