Innovative Journal of Medical and Health Sciences

Objective: The aim of this study is to find out the prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity during the first trimester of pregnancy and correlated with serum lipid parameters.  Materials and Methods: This study, conducted on 233 pregnant women of age between 18 and 35 years during the first trimester. Serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), thyroperoxidase antibodies (TPO-Ab), total cholesterol and triglycerides were analyzed. The significance of prevalence and relative risk of thyroid autoimmunity was calculated by using medcalc easy to use statistical software bvba, version 16.4.3, Ostend. A p-value of ≤ 0.05 was taken as statistically significant.  Results:  The overall prevalence of autoimmunity was 12.4% with the mean of 198.2 IU/ml. The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroid was 30.9%; among them, 25% were thyroid autoantibody-positive pregnant women. The relative risk of autoimmunity was 3.66 times more in subclinical hypothyroid than euthyroid. The mean of TPO-Ab positive was significantly more in subclinical hypothyroid than euthyroid pregnant women with P=0.0003. The mean serum TSH values were significantly higher in TPO-Ab positive than TPO-Ab negative women with P=0.01. The prevalence of autoimmunity was more with TSH>2.5 µIU/L and with moderate levels of cholesterol (154 – 263 mg/dl). Conclusion: Subclinical hypothyroid is more prevalent and frequently remains undiagnosed during early pregnancy. The relative risk of thyroid autoimmunity was increased positively with TSH >2.5 µIU/L and with moderate levels of cholesterol. Thus, all the pregnant women must be screened for TPO-Ab titers, TSH, FT4 and total cholesterol during early pregnancy to predict high- risk pregnancy during early gestation.

According to the standard plastination procedures, complete dehydration of formalin fixed specimens by acetone can normally be achieved at -25°C and the forced impregnation of specimens with silicone polymers can be done only at -15 C to -25°C in a deep freezer. According to the present study now, we have been able to modify the dehydration procedure and use room temperature for dehydration and forced impregnation.

Introduction: Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a global concern of all governments , nongovernmental organizations and partners , it is more prevalent in people of reproductive age , the epidemiological behavior of the transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus varies gender , region , age , and being pregnant , shown by prevalence studies. Objective: To describe the prevalence of HIV infection among women teens assisted in the General Maternity Hospital of Huambo , according to their socioeconomic profile. Methodology: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted from February to August 2010 on a convenience sample consisting of 381 adolescent mothers , interviewed postpartum Maternity in the Angola - Huambo Central Hospital . Data were obtained from primary form from standardized interviews and secondary extracted in consultation antenatal cards . Descriptive analyzes were performed to compare groups of postpartum women stratified into two categories (of 10-16 years and 17-19 years from socioeconomic variables. 381 women were interviewed , and 147 ( 38.6 % ) aged between 14 and 16 years , and 234 ( 61.4 % ) between 17 and 19 years . Conclusion: The prevalence of HIV infection among women teens was 0.6 %

The Umbilical Artery Unica is found in 0.2 to 1.1% of all fetuses. There presence of AOU in itself does not cause any harm to the fetus and newborn. Sometimes, however, this abnormality occurs associated with chromosomal abnormalities and other abnormalities Structural. The chromosomal abnormalities account for about 5-10%; the most common are trisomy 13, 18 and 21. The non-chromosomal anomalies associated together account for about 22%: heart disease is the most frequent. 4-6% of fetuses with AOU in isolation, has minor abnormalities at birth, whose ultrasound diagnosis is difficult or impossible. 25-30% of fetuses with AOU is suffering from intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), and about a quarter of these born prematurely. Fetuses with AOU also feature a higher risk of death intrauterine and / or intrapartum.