Vol. 10 No. 08 (2020): Innovative Journal of Medical and Health Science
Histomorphometric study of fungiform papillae and taste bud density across geriatric age group
VIDYA C S*, Vidya G D, Prathibha PerieraOnline First: Aug 6, 2020
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Histomorphometric study of fungiform papillae and taste bud density across geriatric age group
Introduction: Taste buds are peripheral structures responsible for
sensing taste compounds in food and drink. Each taste bud contains a
number of specialized epithelial cells, including taste receptor cells for
recognizing sweet, bitter, umami, sour, and salty compounds. Some of
the subjective variability attributed to taste experience could be related
to wide variations of taste bud density. The aim of the present study
is to investigate histologic changes of taste buds in fungiform papillae
of geriatric age groups by histo morphometric study in Mysore based
population
Material and Method: Taste bud densities are quantified in this study
using trinocular research microscope and reconstructed two regions of
30 human cadaver tongues. Specimens were collected from male and
female cadavers representing geriatric adult age (65-80 years ).
Results: Mean wall length of fungiform papillae was 0.09 0.4
and 0.08 0.2 in males and females respectively. Taste bud density
(Mean/cm SD) was 102.2 1.2 in males and 111.2 2.3 in females.
Conclusion: Recent studies suggest that disruption or alteration of taste
bud homeostasis may contribute to taste dysfunction associated with
disease and aging. Differences in taste bud density that extend across
adult age groups probably confound some inferences about the effects
of aging on taste sensitivity that are derived from cross-sectional studies
of human populations.
INCLUSION IN THE EDUCATION SYSTEM OF PERSONS WITH CEREBRAL PALSY, HEARING IMPAIRMENT AND OTHER ASSOCIATED DIFFICULTIES
Prof. dr. Naim Salkic *, Prof. dr. Emira Švraka , Prof. dr. Eldad Kaljic, Prof. dr. Samir BojicicOnline First: Aug 26, 2020
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INCLUSION IN THE EDUCATION SYSTEM OF PERSONS WITH CEREBRAL PALSY, HEARING IMPAIRMENT AND OTHER ASSOCIATED DIFFICULTIES
Due to their psychophysical and other difficulties, many persons with cerebral palsy (CP), hearing impairment and other associated difficulties are not able to attend regular educational institutions according to the regular curriculum, but are forced to attend one of the specialized institutions, depending on the type of difficulty, according to the adapted curriculum and according to special methods of teaching. The aim of the study is to examine the involvement of persons with cerebral palsy, hearing impairment and other associated difficulties in regular and specialized schools, and to establish their curricula of education, as well as to determine whether there is a statistically significant difference between subsamples. Method: The study was conducted on a sample of 120 respondents with cerebral palsy from four cantons of FBiH, within the Project of the 2. Cerebral Palsy Associations of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina „Functional Ability of Persons with Disabilities, the Main Factor for Improving the Quality of Life of the Whole Family“. The total sample of was divided into four subsamples. The results of the study showed that 65.00% of persons with CP, hearing impairment and other associated difficulties are included in the education system. From baseline 37.50% of persons are enrolled in regular schools and there is no statistically significant difference between the subsamples of respondents. Specialized schools enroll 20.00% of persons with CP, hearing impairment and other associated difficulties and there is no statistically significant difference between subsamples. From total 40.00% of persons with CP, hearing impairment and other associated difficulties are not included in the education system and there is no statistically significant difference between subsamples. According to the regular curriculum, 44.44% of persons with CP, hearing impairment and other associated difficulties is involved in the education system attend schools, and there is no statistically significant difference between the subsamples of respondents. According to the adapted curriculum, 55.56% of persons with CP, hearing impairment and other associated difficulties attend schools, and there is no statistically significant difference between subsamples. According to the adapted curriculum, 18.05% of persons with CP, hearing impairment and other associated difficulties are involved in regular schools.
Key words: cerebral palsy, hearing impairment, associated difficulties, upbringing and education, regular schools, special schools, regular curriculum, customized curriculum.
INCLUSION IN THE EDUCATION SYSTEM OF PERSONS WITH CEREBRAL PALSY, HEARING IMPAIRMENT AND OTHER ASSOCIATED DIFFICULTIES
Due to their psychophysical and other difficulties, many persons with cerebral palsy (CP), hearing impairment and other associated difficulties are not able to attend regular educational institutions according to the regular curriculum, but are forced to attend one of the specialized institutions, depending on the type of difficulty, according to the adapted curriculum and according to special methods of teaching. The aim of the study is to examine the involvement of persons with cerebral palsy, hearing impairment and other associated difficulties in regular and specialized schools, and to establish their curricula of education, as well as to determine whether there is a statistically significant difference between subsamples. Method: The study was conducted on a sample of 120 respondents with cerebral palsy from four cantons of FBiH, within the Project of the 2. Cerebral Palsy Associations of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina „Functional Ability of Persons with Disabilities, the Main Factor for Improving the Quality of Life of the Whole Family“. The total sample of was divided into four subsamples. The results of the study showed that 65.00% of persons with CP, hearing impairment and other associated difficulties are included in the education system. From baseline 37.50% of persons are enrolled in regular schools and there is no statistically significant difference between the subsamples of respondents. Specialized schools enroll 20.00% of persons with CP, hearing impairment and other associated difficulties and there is no statistically significant difference between subsamples. From total 40.00% of persons with CP, hearing impairment and other associated difficulties are not included in the education system and there is no statistically significant difference between subsamples. According to the regular curriculum, 44.44% of persons with CP, hearing impairment and other associated difficulties is involved in the education system attend schools, and there is no statistically significant difference between the subsamples of respondents. According to the adapted curriculum, 55.56% of persons with CP, hearing impairment and other associated difficulties attend schools, and there is no statistically significant difference between subsamples. According to the adapted curriculum, 18.05% of persons with CP, hearing impairment and other associated difficulties are involved in regular schools.
Key words: cerebral palsy, hearing impairment, associated difficulties, upbringing and education, regular schools, special schools, regular curriculum, customized curriculum.
INCLUSION IN THE EDUCATION SYSTEM OF PERSONS WITH CEREBRAL PALSY, HEARING IMPAIRMENT AND OTHER ASSOCIATED DIFFICULTIES
Due to their psychophysical and other difficulties, many persons with cerebral palsy (CP), hearing impairment and other associated difficulties are not able to attend regular educational institutions according to the regular curriculum, but are forced to attend one of the specialized institutions, depending on the type of difficulty, according to the adapted curriculum and according to special methods of teaching. The aim of the study is to examine the involvement of persons with cerebral palsy, hearing impairment and other associated difficulties in regular and specialized schools, and to establish their curricula of education, as well as to determine whether there is a statistically significant difference between subsamples. Method: The study was conducted on a sample of 120 respondents with cerebral palsy from four cantons of FBiH, within the Project of the 2. Cerebral Palsy Associations of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina „Functional Ability of Persons with Disabilities, the Main Factor for Improving the Quality of Life of the Whole Family“. The total sample of was divided into four subsamples. The results of the study showed that 65.00% of persons with CP, hearing impairment and other associated difficulties are included in the education system. From baseline 37.50% of persons are enrolled in regular schools and there is no statistically significant difference between the subsamples of respondents. Specialized schools enroll 20.00% of persons with CP, hearing impairment and other associated difficulties and there is no statistically significant difference between subsamples. From total 40.00% of persons with CP, hearing impairment and other associated difficulties are not included in the education system and there is no statistically significant difference between subsamples. According to the regular curriculum, 44.44% of persons with CP, hearing impairment and other associated difficulties is involved in the education system attend schools, and there is no statistically significant difference between the subsamples of respondents. According to the adapted curriculum, 55.56% of persons with CP, hearing impairment and other associated difficulties attend schools, and there is no statistically significant difference between subsamples. According to the adapted curriculum, 18.05% of persons with CP, hearing impairment and other associated difficulties are involved in regular schools.
Key words: cerebral palsy, hearing impairment, associated difficulties, upbringing and education, regular schools, special schools, regular curriculum, customized curriculum.
Preventing the spread of Coronavirus in ENT unit, our experience
Francesco Cariti, Alessandro Maselli Del Giudice, Francesco Barbara, Salvatore Dadduzio, Silvana Ciccarone, Valentina de Robertis*, Francesca Cialdella, Michele BarbaraOnline First: Aug 27, 2020
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Preventing the spread of Coronavirus in ENT unit, our experience
SARS-CoV19 is spreading all over the world starting from China in the end of 2019. This important emergency involved every single aspect of ordinary life. Even hospitals have undergone changes with the aim of ensuring the best care and preventing the spread of the virus. This is a personal contribution to illustrate all the measures put in place to avoid contagion. Although in an ENT unit you have strictly to do with the airway, none of the staff so far has been positive.
Keyword: SARS-CoV19, safety, prevention, ENT, contagion.
Preventing the spread of Coronavirus in ENT unit, our experience
SARS-CoV19 is spreading all over the world starting from China in the end of 2019. This important emergency involved every single aspect of ordinary life. Even hospitals have undergone changes with the aim of ensuring the best care and preventing the spread of the virus. This is a personal contribution to illustrate all the measures put in place to avoid contagion. Although in an ENT unit you have strictly to do with the airway, none of the staff so far has been positive.
Keyword: SARS-CoV19, safety, prevention, ENT, contagion.
Preventing the spread of Coronavirus in ENT unit, our experience
SARS-CoV19 is spreading all over the world starting from China in the end of 2019. This important emergency involved every single aspect of ordinary life. Even hospitals have undergone changes with the aim of ensuring the best care and preventing the spread of the virus. This is a personal contribution to illustrate all the measures put in place to avoid contagion. Although in an ENT unit you have strictly to do with the airway, none of the staff so far has been positive.
Keyword: SARS-CoV19, safety, prevention, ENT, contagion.
Parathyroid Hormone Abnormalities Related with Mitral and Aortic Valve Calcification in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients
Dr. Ibrahim Asi Ali Al Sabawi*, Dr. Azzam Hussein Hmod, Dr. Muayad Khalaf IbrahimOnline First: Aug 26, 2020
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Parathyroid Hormone Abnormalities Related with Mitral and Aortic Valve Calcification in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients
Back ground: parathyroid hormone abnormalities and minerals disorder are common in hemodialysis patients which increase mitral and aortic valve calcification as well as mortality and morbidity.
The aim of the study: to verify the risk factors associated with valvular calcification and a benefit of Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcome guidelines foe minerals level.
Patients and Methods: observation study of (52) hemodialysis patients divided into two groups (C) and (D) depend on the presence and absence of valve calcification by echocardiography then compared according to their association with risk factors and achievement of global guideline.
Results: group (C) 14 patients, group (D) 38, by comparison the age was a strong risk factor mean age for (C) = 58.71 ± (12.70) vs 44.39 ± (16.57) for (D) p- value = 0.005, for other risk factors, group (C) had longer duration of dialysis, higher use of drugs that increase calcium load, higher in hyperphosphatemia, hypercalcemia and a dynamic bone disease although the difference statistically not significant.
Discussion: all factors that mentioned were a risk factors for valvular calcification and global guidelines for minerals level were beneficial.
Conclusion: we should know these risk factors because many of them are treatable.
Key words: PTH (parathyroid hormone), ca (calcium), po4 (phosphate), HTN (hypertension), DM (diabetes) and ESRD (end stage renal disease).
Parathyroid Hormone Abnormalities Related with Mitral and Aortic Valve Calcification in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients
Back ground: parathyroid hormone abnormalities and minerals disorder are common in hemodialysis patients which increase mitral and aortic valve calcification as well as mortality and morbidity.
The aim of the study: to verify the risk factors associated with valvular calcification and a benefit of Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcome guidelines foe minerals level.
Patients and Methods: observation study of (52) hemodialysis patients divided into two groups (C) and (D) depend on the presence and absence of valve calcification by echocardiography then compared according to their association with risk factors and achievement of global guideline.
Results: group (C) 14 patients, group (D) 38, by comparison the age was a strong risk factor mean age for (C) = 58.71 ± (12.70) vs 44.39 ± (16.57) for (D) p- value = 0.005, for other risk factors, group (C) had longer duration of dialysis, higher use of drugs that increase calcium load, higher in hyperphosphatemia, hypercalcemia and a dynamic bone disease although the difference statistically not significant.
Discussion: all factors that mentioned were a risk factors for valvular calcification and global guidelines for minerals level were beneficial.
Conclusion: we should know these risk factors because many of them are treatable.
Key words: PTH (parathyroid hormone), ca (calcium), po4 (phosphate), HTN (hypertension), DM (diabetes) and ESRD (end stage renal disease).
Parathyroid Hormone Abnormalities Related with Mitral and Aortic Valve Calcification in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients
Back ground: parathyroid hormone abnormalities and minerals disorder are common in hemodialysis patients which increase mitral and aortic valve calcification as well as mortality and morbidity.
The aim of the study: to verify the risk factors associated with valvular calcification and a benefit of Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcome guidelines foe minerals level.
Patients and Methods: observation study of (52) hemodialysis patients divided into two groups (C) and (D) depend on the presence and absence of valve calcification by echocardiography then compared according to their association with risk factors and achievement of global guideline.
Results: group (C) 14 patients, group (D) 38, by comparison the age was a strong risk factor mean age for (C) = 58.71 ± (12.70) vs 44.39 ± (16.57) for (D) p- value = 0.005, for other risk factors, group (C) had longer duration of dialysis, higher use of drugs that increase calcium load, higher in hyperphosphatemia, hypercalcemia and a dynamic bone disease although the difference statistically not significant.
Discussion: all factors that mentioned were a risk factors for valvular calcification and global guidelines for minerals level were beneficial.
Conclusion: we should know these risk factors because many of them are treatable.
Key words: PTH (parathyroid hormone), ca (calcium), po4 (phosphate), HTN (hypertension), DM (diabetes) and ESRD (end stage renal disease).
Comparative Assessment of Age and parity as risk factors of Cervical Cancer in Rural women population of Lucknow, India
Jata S Misra, Anand N Srivastava, Zeeshan H ZaidiOnline First: Aug 31, 2020
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Comparative Assessment of Age and parity as risk factors of Cervical Cancer in Rural women population of Lucknow, India
Background- Age and parity of the participating women have been normally considered as major risk factors of carcinoma cervix in a screening program.
Objective- Comparative assessment has been made of these two factors in 2949 rural women. to see which of these two play effective role in cervical carcinogenesis or cumulative effect of both has greater impact.
Methods – The 2949 women were derived from the ongoing Rural cervical cancer screening program carried out in the villages of west Lucknow by organizing camps. The squamous intraepithelial lesions of cervix (SIL) incidence have been analyzed in different age groups with increasing parity and vice-versa.
Results- The findings revealed no relation between SIL incidence and increasing age but a correlation with increasing parity. The SIL incidence in the different age groups with increasing parity revealed two trends- adolescents and postmenopausal women showing high SIL rate with nulliparity which declined with increasing parity while the adult girls and women (21-40 years) showed SIL incidence rising with increasing parity. When the SIL incidence was analyzed in different parity groups with increasing age, the rise in SIL incidence was seen with increasing parity in adult women between 21-40 years.
Conclusion- Though the comparative study showed increasing parity playing dominant role in the SIL development but the SIL rate was also found higher with nulliparity in adolescents and postmenopausal women. Hence all rural women showing primary infertility have to be cytologically examined and treated. Further cytology is mandatory in all multiparous women between 21-40 years of age.
Key words- Increasing age and parity, Squamous Intraepithelial lesions of cervix Nulliparity, Adolescents, Postmenopausal women
Comparative Assessment of Age and parity as risk factors of Cervical Cancer in Rural women population of Lucknow, India
Background- Age and parity of the participating women have been normally considered as major risk factors of carcinoma cervix in a screening program.
Objective- Comparative assessment has been made of these two factors in 2949 rural women. to see which of these two play effective role in cervical carcinogenesis or cumulative effect of both has greater impact.
Methods – The 2949 women were derived from the ongoing Rural cervical cancer screening program carried out in the villages of west Lucknow by organizing camps. The squamous intraepithelial lesions of cervix (SIL) incidence have been analyzed in different age groups with increasing parity and vice-versa.
Results- The findings revealed no relation between SIL incidence and increasing age but a correlation with increasing parity. The SIL incidence in the different age groups with increasing parity revealed two trends- adolescents and postmenopausal women showing high SIL rate with nulliparity which declined with increasing parity while the adult girls and women (21-40 years) showed SIL incidence rising with increasing parity. When the SIL incidence was analyzed in different parity groups with increasing age, the rise in SIL incidence was seen with increasing parity in adult women between 21-40 years.
Conclusion- Though the comparative study showed increasing parity playing dominant role in the SIL development but the SIL rate was also found higher with nulliparity in adolescents and postmenopausal women. Hence all rural women showing primary infertility have to be cytologically examined and treated. Further cytology is mandatory in all multiparous women between 21-40 years of age.
Key words- Increasing age and parity, Squamous Intraepithelial lesions of cervix Nulliparity, Adolescents, Postmenopausal women
Comparative Assessment of Age and parity as risk factors of Cervical Cancer in Rural women population of Lucknow, India
Background- Age and parity of the participating women have been normally considered as major risk factors of carcinoma cervix in a screening program.
Objective- Comparative assessment has been made of these two factors in 2949 rural women. to see which of these two play effective role in cervical carcinogenesis or cumulative effect of both has greater impact.
Methods – The 2949 women were derived from the ongoing Rural cervical cancer screening program carried out in the villages of west Lucknow by organizing camps. The squamous intraepithelial lesions of cervix (SIL) incidence have been analyzed in different age groups with increasing parity and vice-versa.
Results- The findings revealed no relation between SIL incidence and increasing age but a correlation with increasing parity. The SIL incidence in the different age groups with increasing parity revealed two trends- adolescents and postmenopausal women showing high SIL rate with nulliparity which declined with increasing parity while the adult girls and women (21-40 years) showed SIL incidence rising with increasing parity. When the SIL incidence was analyzed in different parity groups with increasing age, the rise in SIL incidence was seen with increasing parity in adult women between 21-40 years.
Conclusion- Though the comparative study showed increasing parity playing dominant role in the SIL development but the SIL rate was also found higher with nulliparity in adolescents and postmenopausal women. Hence all rural women showing primary infertility have to be cytologically examined and treated. Further cytology is mandatory in all multiparous women between 21-40 years of age.
Key words- Increasing age and parity, Squamous Intraepithelial lesions of cervix Nulliparity, Adolescents, Postmenopausal women
A Retrospective analysis of the Microbial agents among Infected Surgical Wounds
Vinod Kumar Singh , Rahul Singh Rai *Online First: Aug 17, 2020
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A Retrospective analysis of the Microbial agents among Infected Surgical Wounds
Introduction : According to the CDC, one-to-three cases out of 100 surgeries get infected. There is considerable variation in each class according to the type of surgery being performed. The incidence of infection varies from surgeon to surgeon, from hospital to hospital, from one surgical procedure to another and, most importantly, from one patient to another. The aim of this study was to identify the most common microorganism documented in post-operative wound sepsis in surgery wards of local tertiary hospitals situated in Chhattisgarh.
Methods: This Retrospective & Analytical study involved Prior Consent from Hospital Authorities / Medical Superintendents of the Randomly selected Private Tertiary care hospitals to see the records of the patients from Medical Records Department ( MRD) The study included 100 randomly selected case sheets / records of the patients suffering from SSIs in the various surgical wards in local tertiary care centres . Patients of both sex, age > 14 years, who had surgical wound pus discharge, with serous or seropurulent discharge and with signs of sepsis present concurrently were included.
Results : Out of the 100 selected case sheets / records of patient’s samples processed, In 91% of records it was found that it yielded aerobic bacterial growth . Monomicrobial growth was seen in 92 samples while 8 samples showed polymicrobial growth. The mean age of the patients was 45.7 years (range 14 to 79 years) and the peak incidence of SSI was observed in age group > 50 years (55%). Among the 100 records / cases, bacterial isolates, S. aureus (52%) and E. coli (24.%) were the commonest organisms.
Conclusion: . The information obtained from this study allows a better understanding of the microbial etiology of SSIs in local hospitals which may have epidemiological and therapeutic implications. Using the results of this study, an initiative for establishing improved hospital antimicrobial policy and antimicrobial prescribing guidelines can be undertaken.
Key Word : Surgical Site Infections , Retrospective study , Staphylococcus Aureus , E.coli
Effect of incentive spirometer on post COVID-19 patient’s respiratory outcomes
Samah Zidan, Hoda Sayed Mohamed, Hind Ahmed Mahmoud Elsawi, Fatma Aboulkhair Farag, Manar Fathy HamzaOnline First: Aug 31, 2022
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Effect of incentive spirometer on post COVID-19 patient’s respiratory outcomes
Background: The respiratory symptoms of COVID-19 often persist in most patients with moderate to severe infection after recovery. Respiratory exercises help post COVID-19 in pulmonary recovery/rehabilitation. Aim: investigate the effect of incentive spirometer on post-COVID-19 patient’s respiratory outcomes. Hypothesis: patients who had successfully used the incentive spirometer will have better respiratory outcomes 6 weeks after the isolation period. Design:Quasi experimental research design (pre and post-test- time serial). Subjects: 30 adult male and female patients with COVID-19 in a convalescent stage. Sample: Apurposive sample. Setting: one of the COVID 19 follow-up outpatient clinics. Results: the mean age of the studied sample was 47 ±2.984. Half of the studied sample had no chronic diseases and 16.7%had a history of hypertension. The majority of the studied sample 90.7% had dyspnea in the first assessment as compared to 40% in the fourth assessment. The current study represents a highly significant statistical difference between the four assessments regarding the numerical Dyspnea Scale and Modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) Dyspnea Scaleandthe use of incentive spirometer (χ2 = 74.98, df=21, P <0.001), (χ2=23, df=3, p=0.001), (χ2 =36.08, df=4,P<0.001)respectively, as well as a highly negative significant statistical correlation between incentive spirometer capacity and the Numerical Dyspnea Scale (rs = -0.867, P<0.001)and a moderate significant statistical negative correlation between incentive spirometer capacity and Modified Medical Research Council (mMRC)rs= -0.672/P=<0.001).and a moderate significant statistical negative correlation between incentive spirometer capacity and age (r= -0.491/P=<0.001). Conclusion:Respiratory exercises using an incentive spirometer have a positive effect on improving respiratory outcomes and decreasing the severity of dyspnea of post COVID 19 patients who had persistent pulmonary symptoms during the recovery phase. Recommendations:Further studies are necessary to establish whetherincentive spirometer is effective for the respiratory rehabilitation of COVID 19 patients.
