Innovative Journal of Medical and Health Sciences

Abhijeet A, Aditya Hari, Nisha Bhatia, Rajeswari B, Anupama. H*, B. Akshaya Srikanth

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Ebstein’s anomaly is a rare congenital cardiac abnormality that may be associated with dyspnoea and cardiac arrhythmias. Some of the patients reach reproductive age but the newborn may have prematurity and low birth weight. We are reporting a case of 30 year old lady with Ebstein’s Anomaly, who had 3 pregnancies successfully and delivered normal healthy babies at full term. In two of the pregnancies there was hypertension in the third trimester, which could be corrected with medicines.

Guttikonda Venkateswara Rao*, S Anita Rao, P. Mallika Mahalakshmi, Soujanya . E

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Cone-beam CT is an exciting development in dental and maxillofacial imaging. It has provided astounding new images that continually contribute to the accuracy of diagnostic tasks of the maxillofacial region. It is gaining rapid acceptance in dentistry because it provides cross-sectional imaging that is often a valuable supplement to intraoral and panoramic radiographs. Multiplanar imaging is a fairly new concept in diagnostic imaging available with a number of contemporary imaging modalities. It has created a revolution in maxillofacial imaging, facilitating the transition of dental imaging from 2D to 3D images and expanding the role of imaging from diagnosis to image guidance of operative and surgical procedures via third party applications software. The present article reviews the CBCT technology and its application in clinical practice.

Anju Lata Rai*, Nirupma Gupta, Rachna Rohatgi

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Objective: To conduct a morphometric study of foramen spinosum of the human sphenoid bone. Methods: The study was conducted on 35 dry human skulls available in the Department of Anatomy ,School Medical Sciences and Research ,Greater Noida , Uttar Pradesh. Variations in size ,shape and number of foramen spinosum was noted. Results : . Mean length of foramen spinosum in male was 3.31±0.84mm on left side and 3.73±0.63mm on right side. Mean length of foramen in female was 3.20±0.83mm on left side and 3.81± 0.71mm on right side. Difference between the length of right and left side and the two sexes was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Mean width of foramen spinosum in male was 1.5±0.27mm on left side and 1.8±0.41mm on right side. Mean width of foramen in female was 1.5±0.37mm on left side and 1.5± 0.24mm on right side. Difference between the width of right and left side and the two sexes was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Conclusion- Considering the immense anatomical, surgical and radiological importance of foramen spinosum,this study was worth conducting.

M.S. Sastry*, Rekha Gaurkar

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The presence of red blood cell abnormalities can give important diagnostic clues for the well being of any species. It is important therefore, that all features of the erythrocytes be assessed including number, color, size, polychromasia, the presence of precursors, alterations in shape, inclusions,the presence ofRBC parasites and arrangement. Keeping this in mind an annual study (April 2009-March 2010) was done on the peripheral blood of the false vampire bat,Megadermalyralyra (family:Megadermatidae) from both the genders collected from the underground mines of Mansar/Kandri near Nagpur, Maharashtra (20°92"N 78°95"E). Presence of inclusion bodies or “Heinz bodies” in a number of red cells particularly in the spherocytes were evident on supravital staining which are aggregates of denatured precipated hemoglobin produced when hemoglobin (Hb) protein globin chains are denatured through oxidative damage by reactive oxygen species since oxidative damage to RBCs is ongoing due to the continuous generation of free oxygen radicals from cellular metabolic pathways. 1 to 2 μm Heinz bodies peripherally located on the erythrocytes (protruded) were of common occurrence in the blood samples from femalescollected in the month of June (4%), July (8%), August (4%), September (15%) and December (8%) concomitant with male bats collected during June (3%), October(6%) and December (12%).Similarly single, smooth, rounded inclusions were observed during June (3%), July (4%), August (2%), September (6%) and December (4%) from femalesconcomitant with male bats collected during June (2%), October (4%) and December (6%). Their nonoccurrence during other months of the year may be justified to the presence of antioxidant pathways that protect against oxidative processes and the production of Heinz bodies. Some of the erythrocytes also revealed protruded “Heinz bodies”, may be a means of cell healing. From the foregoing it is concluded that occurrence of such inclusion bodies may be correlated to systemic diseases and some injury to the erythrocyte, a decrease in oxygen carrying capacity,and therefore shortening of RBC life and hence on the wild population conservation since bats play a greater role in maintenance of ecological balance of nature.

Chintan V Parmar*, Divyesh L Prajapati, Pradnya A Gokhale, Hemant B Mehta, Chinmay J Shah

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Background-Impedance plethysmography is latest non – invasive technique to measure blood flow in any part of the body. As only heart rate & blood pressure is not sufficient to access a person’s haemodynamic status, cardiac output measured by this simple technique will help further to access heart’s functional status with avoidance of all complications associated with previous invasive techniques. Objective -To measure cardiac output noninvasively in healthy male volunteers of 2 age groups using impedance plethysmography & compare it with earlier study using different electrode placement technique. Also to compare cardiac parameters between these 2 age groups. Methods-Study has been done in 2 age groups (16–25 & 26–35 yrs), each of 26 healthy male subjects on Nivomon Series computerized software at Govt. Medical College, Bhavnagar. Results-Mean values of SV (Mean+SD) is 66.46+8.74 & 63.07+8.01; CO=5.08+0.9 & 4.8+0.68; CI=2.92+0.47 & 2.75+0.36 in respective age group. Compared with an earlier study (n=38), p>0.05. Also p>0.05 for comparison between 2 groups. Conclusion-No difference was there between 2 methods. There was no variation of parameters in this range of age group (16–35 yrs). So if it is further validated, than baseline normative data will be helpful in many future studies.

Sarah Kissiwaa, Maree D. Simpson, Deborah L. Burton

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Aim: To elicit information on smoking cessation from pharmacists and pharmacy assistants, and to use this information to identify issues or factors that may need to be considered before the implementation of a pharmacy based smoking cessation program.
Method: Role specific surveys were distributed to pharmacists and pharmacy assistants.
Results: Ninety percent of pharmacists surveyed believe that pharmacists have the potential to help people quit smoking and 84.8% are willing to take a more active role in smoking cessation. Lack of time (59.1%) was the most commonly identified barrier to becoming more actively involved in smoking cessation. Of the pharmacy assistants surveyed 87% believed they needed more training on smoking cessation guidelines.
Conclusion: There a number of factors that need to be addressed before the implementation of a pharmacy based smoking cessation program. Promotion of the pharmacy as an avenue for smoking cessation intervention is needed. In order to do this pharmacist must enhance their knowledge of smoking cessation recommendations. Pharmacy assistants have the potential to play a key role in a pharmacy based smoking cessation program. Pharmacy assistants can be used to overcome the time issues identified by pharmacists. However pharmacy assistants must first be properly trained on smoking cessation recommendations.