Innovative Journal of Medical and Health Sciences

Purpose:
To investigate the hand microbiome of Health Personnel and the flora transferred to their hands from cell phones.

Methods:
The study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital over 3 months in 50 health personnel. Their dominant hand was placed on agar plates to establish the hand microbiome. After sanitizing and drying their hands, and using their phones for a few minutes, another handprint was taken to identify the bacteria on the phone. The bacteria were identified by standard microbiologic techniques.

Results:
Organisms identified in the normal microbiome included coagulase negative Staphylococci (CoNS, 90%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (16%), E. coli (8%), Staphylococcus aureus (4%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2%) and Acinetobacter spp. (2%). CoNS isolated were found to be resistant to co-amoxiclav (41.67%), cotrimoxazole (20.83%), erythromycin (20.83%) and clindamycin (20.83%). Maximum resistance was observed towards co-amoxiclav.
The repeat handprint showed the colony count as decreased by four times. Bacteria found were CoNS (92%), E. coli (4%), Enterococcus (4%), Klebsiella (2%) and Acinetobacter (2%). Antibiotic sensitivity was similar here with additional resistance to cefepime and cefoxitin by CoNS.

Conclusion:
Hand microbiome of health personnel comprises bacteria that are dangerous to immunocompromised individuals and our phones are effectively transmitting multidrug resistant bacteria to our hands within a few moments of contact. There was also a notable lack of S. aureus in our samples, while many other studies have shown it to be a common nosocomial pathogen, found on hands of health personnel.

Keywords:
Hand microbiome, Health Personnel, Antibiotic resistance, cell phone

Purpose:
To investigate the hand microbiome of Health Personnel and the flora transferred to their hands from cell phones.

Methods:
The study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital over 3 months in 50 health personnel. Their dominant hand was placed on agar plates to establish the hand microbiome. After sanitizing and drying their hands, and using their phones for a few minutes, another handprint was taken to identify the bacteria on the phone. The bacteria were identified by standard microbiologic techniques.

Results:
Organisms identified in the normal microbiome included coagulase negative Staphylococci (CoNS, 90%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (16%), E. coli (8%), Staphylococcus aureus (4%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2%) and Acinetobacter spp. (2%). CoNS isolated were found to be resistant to co-amoxiclav (41.67%), cotrimoxazole (20.83%), erythromycin (20.83%) and clindamycin (20.83%). Maximum resistance was observed towards co-amoxiclav.
The repeat handprint showed the colony count as decreased by four times. Bacteria found were CoNS (92%), E. coli (4%), Enterococcus (4%), Klebsiella (2%) and Acinetobacter (2%). Antibiotic sensitivity was similar here with additional resistance to cefepime and cefoxitin by CoNS.

Conclusion:
Hand microbiome of health personnel comprises bacteria that are dangerous to immunocompromised individuals and our phones are effectively transmitting multidrug resistant bacteria to our hands within a few moments of contact. There was also a notable lack of S. aureus in our samples, while many other studies have shown it to be a common nosocomial pathogen, found on hands of health personnel.

Keywords:
Hand microbiome, Health Personnel, Antibiotic resistance, cell phone

Purpose:
To investigate the hand microbiome of Health Personnel and the flora transferred to their hands from cell phones.

Methods:
The study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital over 3 months in 50 health personnel. Their dominant hand was placed on agar plates to establish the hand microbiome. After sanitizing and drying their hands, and using their phones for a few minutes, another handprint was taken to identify the bacteria on the phone. The bacteria were identified by standard microbiologic techniques.

Results:
Organisms identified in the normal microbiome included coagulase negative Staphylococci (CoNS, 90%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (16%), E. coli (8%), Staphylococcus aureus (4%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2%) and Acinetobacter spp. (2%). CoNS isolated were found to be resistant to co-amoxiclav (41.67%), cotrimoxazole (20.83%), erythromycin (20.83%) and clindamycin (20.83%). Maximum resistance was observed towards co-amoxiclav.
The repeat handprint showed the colony count as decreased by four times. Bacteria found were CoNS (92%), E. coli (4%), Enterococcus (4%), Klebsiella (2%) and Acinetobacter (2%). Antibiotic sensitivity was similar here with additional resistance to cefepime and cefoxitin by CoNS.

Conclusion:
Hand microbiome of health personnel comprises bacteria that are dangerous to immunocompromised individuals and our phones are effectively transmitting multidrug resistant bacteria to our hands within a few moments of contact. There was also a notable lack of S. aureus in our samples, while many other studies have shown it to be a common nosocomial pathogen, found on hands of health personnel.

Keywords:
Hand microbiome, Health Personnel, Antibiotic resistance, cell phone

Purpose:
To investigate the hand microbiome of Health Personnel and the flora transferred to their hands from cell phones.

Methods:
The study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital over 3 months in 50 health personnel. Their dominant hand was placed on agar plates to establish the hand microbiome. After sanitizing and drying their hands, and using their phones for a few minutes, another handprint was taken to identify the bacteria on the phone. The bacteria were identified by standard microbiologic techniques.

Results:
Organisms identified in the normal microbiome included coagulase negative Staphylococci (CoNS, 90%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (16%), E. coli (8%), Staphylococcus aureus (4%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2%) and Acinetobacter spp. (2%). CoNS isolated were found to be resistant to co-amoxiclav (41.67%), cotrimoxazole (20.83%), erythromycin (20.83%) and clindamycin (20.83%). Maximum resistance was observed towards co-amoxiclav.
The repeat handprint showed the colony count as decreased by four times. Bacteria found were CoNS (92%), E. coli (4%), Enterococcus (4%), Klebsiella (2%) and Acinetobacter (2%). Antibiotic sensitivity was similar here with additional resistance to cefepime and cefoxitin by CoNS.

Conclusion:
Hand microbiome of health personnel comprises bacteria that are dangerous to immunocompromised individuals and our phones are effectively transmitting multidrug resistant bacteria to our hands within a few moments of contact. There was also a notable lack of S. aureus in our samples, while many other studies have shown it to be a common nosocomial pathogen, found on hands of health personnel.

Keywords:
Hand microbiome, Health Personnel, Antibiotic resistance, cell phone

Epidemiological data on the impact of hypertensive crises (emergencies and urgencies) on referral to the Emergency Departments (EDs) are lacking, in spite of the evidence that they may be life-threatening conditions. We performed a study to enroll all patients aged 18 years and over who were admitted to Emergency Department during March to May 2019 for hypertensive crises (systolic blood pressure ?220 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ?120 mmHg). We classified patients as affected by either hypertensive emergencies or hypertensive urgencies depending on the presence or the absence of progressive target organ damage, respectively. Out of these 6614 patients admitted from ED during 3 months 462 patients admitted with uncontrolled hypertension, Out of these 114 patients with Hypertensive crisis. Men had higher frequency then women. Most of the patients had one or more Risk factors present. Almost half of patients were presented with Neurological deficit (43.8%), Dyspnoea (28.2%), Chest pain (19.2%), Headache (14.9%), Giddiness (13.1%). Per orally Calcium channel blocker most commonly used while intravenous Labetalol most commonly used.  

Background: There is strong correlation between masked hypertension and metabolic syndrome. Presence of masked hypertension increases the risk of end organ damage, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events and hence prevalence of masked hypertension among metabolic syndrome patients and its association with various components of metabolic syndrome needs to be defined.

Aim: The aim of our study is to estimate the prevalence of masked hypertension among patients with metabolic syndrome.

To assess the correlation between masked hypertension and various components of metabolic syndrome.

Materials and Methods: 120 patients of age group 18-65 years, who were admitted in Sree Mookambika Institute of Medical Sciences from January 2020 to October 2020, who had metabolic syndrome were included. Inclusion Criteria included patients with waist line circumference > 102 cm in men and >88 cm in females. Triglyceride level > 150mg/dl, HDL , 40 mg/dl in men and < 50mg/dl in females, FBS> 100mg/dl and pre hypertensive range of BP, systolic 130-139 mmHg and diastolic 85-89mmHg.d Chronic hypertensive patients with evidence of end organ damage and patients with severe uncontrolled hypertension were excluded. Relevant data were obtained, Ambulatory BP recordings were taken to identify masked Hypertension. Descriptive and Analytical statistics was performed by SPSS version 20.0.

Results: Out of the 120 patients included in our study, 75 percent had masked hypertension. Our study proved positive correlation between masked hypertension and waist line circumference, elevated FBS, triglyceride, HDL

Conclusion: Our study shows significant prevalence of masked hypertension among patients with metabolic syndrome. Thus early detection of masked hypertension helps in early diagnosis of metabolic syndrome and its better management.

Key words: Masked hypertension, metabolic syndrome.

The main objective of the present study to compare the incidence and   prevalence rate of the dengue disease in Raigarh Chhattisgarh. The patients were assay Elisa and Rapid test, for both gender in confirmation of dengue. The assessment techniques of dengue, positive cases were involved in present study. Findings of the present study had shown that the cases of dengue are higher number of male patients in year 2017, 2018 and 2019 than the female patients, total male patients were 173(66.53%) and female patient were 87(33.47), the incidence and prevalence rate is high in year   2019(6.00%), comparison of the year, 2017(4.59%), and year 2018(4.24%). Finding of the present study concluded that the cases of dengue in year 2019 are higher than the comparison of the year 2017 and year 2018.

              Keyword-  Dengue fever, Incidence, Prevalence

This study aims to determine the relationship between BMI and fracture risk value primary osteoporosis in women aged 40-45 years in sub-urban areas. And how to optimize social activities in the environment as an effort to reduce the risk of osteoporosis. Body mass index is one of the important risk factors for osteoporosis fractures because the protective effects of subcutaneous fat tissue on bone in elderly women are calculated using FRAX®tool. The WHO in collaboration with the Sheffield's University central of metabolic bone disease has created a calculating device, the WHO risk assessment fracture tool (FRAX®tool). FRAX®tool is an online-based device used to calculate the risk of osteoporosis fractures in major bones, namely proximal humerus, wrist, vertebrae, and femur bone in the next ten years. This research is an analytical study using a cross sectional design, the number of samples is 70 female respondents aged 40–45 years in Kelurahan Melong Asih, Cimahi. The relationship between body mass index and the risk of primary osteoporosis fracture, used the rank spearman correlation test. The results of this study indicate a strong negative correlation between body mass index and the risk value of osteoporosis major, while the relationship between body mass index and risk value for osteoporosis femur fracture was found to be a moderate negative correlation. From the results of the risk of major osteoporosis fracture the lower a person's body mass index, the greater the risk of major primary osteoporosis fracture, whereas the results of the risk of femur fracture are only in obese grade II that is low, while other criteria have the same value, so it cannot be concluded if the lower a person's body mass index, the greater the risk value of the femur fracture.

Keywords : Body Mass Index; Fracture Risk Value; Osteoporosis.

Increasing the endurance performance of the lower limb muscles can not only be helped by the type and method of exercise, but consumption of the right nutrition. Bananas are one of the nutrients with a source of carbohydrates, sugar and the mineral potassium which can help the process of muscles to contract during exercise.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving bananas on lower limb muscle endurance. And also, what is the proper mechanism for banana consumption to increase muscle endurance in the lower extremities. This research method is a quasi experimental method, with a pre-test and post-test design. Subjects were taken through probability sampling techniques with simple random sampling method. Subjects filled out a list of questions and agreement sheets, then in the pre-test, the subject pedalled an ergometer until the research subject was unable to continue the test or reached a maximum heart rate. The post-test was continued two days later by being given a banana one hour before the test and then pedalling an ergometer bicycle until it reached the same limit as the pre-test. The research results were analysed using the t test.

There is a significant effect by bananas consumption on the endurance of lower extremity muscles. This shows that giving bananas is very beneficial for individuals who will do sports so that they can increase their endurance.

Consuming 2 bananas before doing activities, especially before exercising, can increase the endurance of lower limb muscles and physical fitness, except for people with kidney disease. The right time to consume bananas is 60 minutes before exercising. This consumption can be done again if you want to continue sports or other activities after experiencing fatigue.

Further research is needed by measuring potassium levels in the body which affect the results of giving bananas on muscle endurance so that the results obtained are more objective. In addition, for further research, there is a need for a uniform cycling technique, especially the pedaling position with the bicycle ergometer test when measuring the endurance of the muscles of the lower extremities so as not to affect the results of the study.

Keywords : Lower limb muscle endurance, Banana Consumption.

Background:Stroke is a leading cause of mortality & disability worldwide.  Despite the remarkable progression in the treatment of stroke, the life quality, psychological & social events caused by stroke received limited attentions. Objective:This study was conducted to identify challenges faced by acute stroke survival patients at neurology OPD of a selected hospital in Kolkata.Methods:A descriptive survey design was applied and total 104 acute (within 3 months following stroke) stroke survival patients were selected by non-probability purposive sampling technique. Socio-demographic characteristics were collected using a structured questionnaire and semi-structured interview schedule was used to identify the challenges faced by acute stroke survival patients.Challenges were assessed in five domains that is physical, psychological, interpersonal, social & financial domain.Results: It was identified from the study findings that 17% of acute stroke survival patients faced mild challenges, 66% patients faced moderate challenges and 16% faced severe challenges following stroke.The study findings also reflects that 100% of acute stroke survival patients face challenges in physical domain and in in physical domain score ranges from 13-40 with a mean of 28.2 and mean percentage of 70.5 which ranked as 1^stand the interpersonal domain which range from 4-18 with a mean of 8.4 and mean percentage of 42 ranked as 5^th challenge.There is no association between challenges with socio-demographic characteristics. Conclusion:Ultimately identifying the challenges of those patients will provide some information which will help the nurses to counsel the patient so that they can overcome the challenges.

Keywords: - Challenges, acute stroke survival patients, neurology OPD.

Background: India is experiencing a transitional shift with more of new cases of Non Communicable Disease observed specially in young adults. One of the major reasons of this upsurge is faulty dietary habits, resulting in overweight and obesity and further rise in NCDs. The purpose of this study is to assess eating habits and nutritional risk factors for NCDs in a medical student of Medical college of Delhi.

Methods: After explaining the purpose of the study in individual classroom explained questionnaire was mailed to all 300 medical college undergraduate students currently studying in this medical college. The form consists of questions on sociodemographic details including information about weights, height and eating habits including, drinking and smoking habits.

Results: Filled forms were returned by 220 students out of which 204 were found to be complete and were considered for further analysis. Of total 204 students, 72 (35.3%) were females and 132 (64.7%) were males in our study. Regarding meals only 154 (75.5%) were found to be taking meals regularly i.e. more than 3 times a day and 82.4% (168) were having breakfast on regularly basis. Daily consumption of vegetable and legumes against recommended two times were found only in 41.2 (84) students, similarly daily fruit consumption against recommended two times was found only in 30.4% (62) students only. However fast-food consumption on daily basis was as high as 23.5% (48).Smoking was absent in students and alcohol intake was present in 3% of males (06) and reportedly absent in females. About 22.5% (46) was reported of doing some sort of exercise in a week but only 20 (9.8 %) were found to be doing exercise on daily basis. 156 (76.5%) sought some sort of information  regarding balanced diet and 120 (58.8%) had reported to have adequate information about balance diet.

Conclusion: Eating habits were found to be irregular among undergraduate medical students with regard to meals and daily intake of fruits and vegetables was found to be less than recommended norms. More efforts are required for improving eating practices of the students and also for adequate nutrition and its implication on health.

Keywords: Eating Practices, MBBS students, Balanced diet, Junk food, Regular meals, Non comunicable diseases.