Innovative Journal of Medical and Health Sciences

Nirupma Gupta, Anju Lata Rai*

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Objective- To conduct the morphometric study of foramen ovale in human sphenoid bone and present the anatomic variations in dimensions and appearance of foramen ovale. Methodology : The study was carried out using 35 dried human skulls available in the Department of Anatomy ,School of Medical Sciences and Research, Greater Noida, UP, India. Variations in size , shape were noted. Comparision with other races and difference between right and left sides were discussed. Results-out of 70 sides in 35 adult dry skulls, mean length and width of foramen ovale was 7.228±1.139mm & 3.57±0.70mm on right side and 6.48±1.131mm & 3.50±0.75mm on left side. Shape of the foramen ovale was typically oval in 54.29%, almond shape in 35.71%, round in 8.57% and slit like in 1.43%.Margins of the foramen exhibited variable projections 4.2% had spines, 5.7% tubercles, 8.5% had bony plate. Conclusion -This study is of great surgical, anatomical and diagnostic importance in cases of trigeminal neuralgia, fine needle aspiration technique in perineural spread of tumor and in neurovascular compression due to abnormal bony growth.

Madhu Sharma, Preeti Mehra, Prakriti Vohra

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Introduction Helicobacter pylori infection is now recognised as a worldwide problem. It is the most common cause of chronic gastritis, and is strongly linked to peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer.

Material And Methods Blood and antral biopsy specimens from 70 dyspeptic patients and 10 control subjects were collected. All the specimens were processed within 2-3 hours. Rapid urease test, Primary smear, Culture was done on freshly prepared brain-heart infusion agar supplemented with 7% horse blood, vancomycin  and amphotericin B. Plates were incubated at 37°C under microaerophilic conditions. Histology was done using Heamatoxylin & Eosin staining and Giminez staining. Serology was also performed using a commercial kit - Novum Helicobacter pylori IgG and IgA ELISA manufactured in Germany.

Results The age of the study population of 70 patients ranged from 18-70 years and of 10 controls between 22-45 year. There were 54.16% males and 63.63% females. In the present study, there were 03 patients with endoscopically evident gastritis and duodenal ulcer with incidence rate of H.pylori i.e 66.6%. Maximum cases  had gastritis(72.8%) followed by 15.7% cases of normal mucosa . Forty (57.1%)were found to have H. pylori in their antral biopsies by histology.

Conclusions H.pylori infection is acquired early in life in the Indian population The H.pylori infection has a high morbidity rate, but a low mortality rate and is curable with antibiotic therapy

Pradeep Shankar*, Renukadevi M. Adithi Bhandiwad, Harish Pai

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Background and need; Knee osteo arthritis (OA) is a metabolically active, dynamic disease that includes both destruction and repair mechanism that may be triggered by biomechanical and mechanical insults. Mechanical factor such as dynamic joint loading have been implicated in knee OA patho mechanics. Several Biomechanical studies shown OA knee patients walks with more secondary compensatory gait pattern of decreased knee excursion , increased adductor moment and joint stiffness  to overcome greater ground joint reaction force. This prolonged usage of secondary compensatory gait ends with greater reduction in muscular endurance, strength, imbalance later ending up deformity. So it is important to overcome these physiological changes to avoid further degeneration in knee.    Several    author   conducted  study  on  Backward  walking    in  normal subjects,  their study  shown backward waking has more advantageous effects compare to forward in reducing shear force, increasing extensor moment, and to gain flexibility around knee. Considering its advantageous effect, study was proposed to find the efficacy of retro walking in chronic osteoarthritis of knee patients.

 Methods;30 subjects clinically diagnosed as OA and having grade 3 OA changes  on radiological evaluation using Kellgren and Lawrence system and fulfilling inclusion criteria were selected in the study. All subjects underwent retro walking on 15 degree angle inclined motorized treadmill with (self tolerated ) minimal pace and gradually increased depending on the patients comfort up to 10 minutes for 10 days. Parameter on VAS, WOMAC, EXTENSION Lag AND DYNAMIC BALANCE THROUGH STEP TEST taken prior and immediately after 10^th day of intervention.

 Result; result were statistically analyzed using T test, there was highly significant improvement in all parameters with p<0.0001.

Conclusion; retro walking is highly effective in reducing symptom and overcome disability in patient suffering from chronic OA

Sadakat Ali*, Nidhi Sharma, Raghuveer Singh Mandloi, Dilshad Usmani

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The aim of the study was to observe the distribution of hair on the phalanges of the hand in the population of Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand. 1000 males and 800 females aged between 18-30 yrs were randomly selected for study. The dorsum of hand was inspected for phalangeal hair distribution. Observations were categorized on the basis of gender and phalangeal hair patterns. The results showed that proximal phalangeal hair was present in 98.8% males and 98% females. The most common combination was 1-2-3-4-5. The middle phalangeal hair was absent in 56.3% males and 64.8% females. 3-4 pattern was most common combination in middle phalangeal hair distribution. Hair on distal phalanx were absent in all subjects. All these parameters were compared with available literature and it was found that interethnic, sexual and racial variations exist in phalangeal hair distribution. So, we conclude that the study of hair distribution has anthropological and medico legal importance.

Sushma Krishna*, Shabnam Roohi Purnima Parthasarathy, Seemanthini Desai Paranthaaman R G

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Dengue is an endemic tropical disease in India. The incidence has been increasing consistently in this last decade and is now a major public health problem. Dengue in pregnancy has not been extensively studied. The aim of the study was to investigate maternal and perinatal outcomes of dengue at one of the tertiary care centers in Southern India. A retrospective study was undertaken during the two successive outbreaks and case records of women from 2008-2010 with positive dengue Ig M were reviewed. Three cases were diagnosed as dengue fever with no signs of DSS and DHF and all three patients presented with febrile illness with rashes. All three were primigravida. The mean age of pregnant women was 31 years and their mean gestational age was 21 weeks. While one of the patients had complete abortion, the other two women completed their terms with full term normal vaginal deliveries. There were no premature births or congenital anomalies. There were no maternal deaths. All the three patients received fluid replacements with one receiving platelet transfusions. Dengue in pregnancy may not always result in poor maternal and perinatal outcomes. More such studies from this part of the world are needed to establish strong cause-effect relationships in pregnant women. Ongoing preventive measures against dengue in the endemic regions need a booster.