Innovative Journal of Medical and Health Sciences

Significant increase in the smart phone use had been associated with various effect on the health. Various theories have proposed for sleep, circadian rhythm disturbances and studies have shown effect on melatonin levels and mental health. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of smart phone on sleep time, sleep duration and serum melatonin levels. To determine academic and non-academic usage and its correlation with academic performance. Effect of smart phone usage on the mental health i.e. anxiety and depression in young adult first year medical students. Sample size was 100 , 3 were absent. A brief questionaries’ was asked to all the study group regarding usage of mobile phone and sleep hours in night. 9 A.M Morning fasting blood samples were taken and serum melatonin was estimated by ELISA kit. Hamilton’s anxiety scale and Hamilton’s depression scale was applied to the study group. Study had shown the smart phone usage was having an impact on sleep. Study have shown late bedtime, long sleep duration in the students with high user group. This may be result of sleep displacement and circadian rhythm disturbances. Low levels of melatonin in high users as compared to low users, which may be due to exposure EMF leading to circadian rhythm disturbance. The academic and the non- academic usage was significantly high in high users, but with no significant difference in the academic performance. High academic usage of smart phone may lead to better academic performance despite of late bedtime. Non-academic usage of smart phone may cause emotional arousal leading to anxiety. Anxiety and depression score was high in high users group, but the difference was not statistically significant. But it is not clearly understood whether the smart usage is responsible for anxiety and depression or anxiety and depression causes high smart phone usage. Smartphones affect the academic lives of the undergraduate  medical students. This study can conclude with the fact that using smartphones made an impact on students both positively and negatively. 

KEYWORDS: - Smart phone, sleep, Melatonin, Anxiety, Depression

Significant increase in the smart phone use had been associated with various effect on the health. Various theories have proposed for sleep, circadian rhythm disturbances and studies have shown effect on melatonin levels and mental health. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of smart phone on sleep time, sleep duration and serum melatonin levels. To determine academic and non-academic usage and its correlation with academic performance. Effect of smart phone usage on the mental health i.e. anxiety and depression in young adult first year medical students. Sample size was 100 , 3 were absent. A brief questionaries’ was asked to all the study group regarding usage of mobile phone and sleep hours in night. 9 A.M Morning fasting blood samples were taken and serum melatonin was estimated by ELISA kit. Hamilton’s anxiety scale and Hamilton’s depression scale was applied to the study group. Study had shown the smart phone usage was having an impact on sleep. Study have shown late bedtime, long sleep duration in the students with high user group. This may be result of sleep displacement and circadian rhythm disturbances. Low levels of melatonin in high users as compared to low users, which may be due to exposure EMF leading to circadian rhythm disturbance. The academic and the non- academic usage was significantly high in high users, but with no significant difference in the academic performance. High academic usage of smart phone may lead to better academic performance despite of late bedtime. Non-academic usage of smart phone may cause emotional arousal leading to anxiety. Anxiety and depression score was high in high users group, but the difference was not statistically significant. But it is not clearly understood whether the smart usage is responsible for anxiety and depression or anxiety and depression causes high smart phone usage. Smartphones affect the academic lives of the undergraduate  medical students. This study can conclude with the fact that using smartphones made an impact on students both positively and negatively. 

KEYWORDS: - Smart phone, sleep, Melatonin, Anxiety, Depression

Significant increase in the smart phone use had been associated with various effect on the health. Various theories have proposed for sleep, circadian rhythm disturbances and studies have shown effect on melatonin levels and mental health. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of smart phone on sleep time, sleep duration and serum melatonin levels. To determine academic and non-academic usage and its correlation with academic performance. Effect of smart phone usage on the mental health i.e. anxiety and depression in young adult first year medical students. Sample size was 100 , 3 were absent. A brief questionaries’ was asked to all the study group regarding usage of mobile phone and sleep hours in night. 9 A.M Morning fasting blood samples were taken and serum melatonin was estimated by ELISA kit. Hamilton’s anxiety scale and Hamilton’s depression scale was applied to the study group. Study had shown the smart phone usage was having an impact on sleep. Study have shown late bedtime, long sleep duration in the students with high user group. This may be result of sleep displacement and circadian rhythm disturbances. Low levels of melatonin in high users as compared to low users, which may be due to exposure EMF leading to circadian rhythm disturbance. The academic and the non- academic usage was significantly high in high users, but with no significant difference in the academic performance. High academic usage of smart phone may lead to better academic performance despite of late bedtime. Non-academic usage of smart phone may cause emotional arousal leading to anxiety. Anxiety and depression score was high in high users group, but the difference was not statistically significant. But it is not clearly understood whether the smart usage is responsible for anxiety and depression or anxiety and depression causes high smart phone usage. Smartphones affect the academic lives of the undergraduate  medical students. This study can conclude with the fact that using smartphones made an impact on students both positively and negatively. 

KEYWORDS: - Smart phone, sleep, Melatonin, Anxiety, Depression

The results of the study are statistics and comparisons of Vietnam's sports
performance to countries in Southeast Asia and the World, from 1989 to 2017.
By methods, synthesizing documents, Statistical maths, expert interviews, The
author has demonstrated and compared the results of the achievements of
sports in Vietnam over the years of statistical significance, the results of the
research are highly scientific and appropriate practices.

Keywords: Vietnam Strength; SEA Games; Sports training, High performance
sports

Introduction: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignancy of the liver which is about 75% - 85%. The diagnosis of HCC is determined based on several factors, including the background of chronic liver disease, tumor markers, and imaging diagnosis. There are three main growth patterns of HCC that can be seen on computed tomography (CT)  scan : massive, nodular, and diffuse infiltrative. HCC is locally invasive and tends to invade the portal vein, inferior vena cava and bile duct. Alpha fetoprotein (AFP) is one of the tumor markers used for early diagnosis of KSH and plays an important role in the development and progression of HCC.

Objective : To determine the correlation between alpha fetoprotein levels with characteristics of liver lesions using CT scan examination in HCC patients.

Methods : This study was an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design. Sampling was done retrospectively by collecting medical record data and the results of abdominal CT scan readings from January to December 2019. The study was conducted at the Department of Radiology, Department of Clinical Pathology and Installation of Medical Records-SIRS Hospital Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung in February - April 2020. Univariable analysis was carried out to see the description of the proportion of each variable to be presented descriptively, which could be explained into descriptive analysis and hypothesis testing.

Results : There were 63 subjects, 48 men (76.2%), 15 women (23.8%), with the youngest age of 21 years, the oldest 86 years with an average age of 53.44 years. The highest average AFP levels were found in the group of patients with diffuse infiltrative growth patterns 93064.84 ± 177486,301 and the presence of a thrombus in the portal vein of 78770.98 ± 88358,791. The results of statistical tests using the Mann Whitney Test showed that there were significant differences between the levels of AFP and the growth pattern of liver lesions in HCC patients based on the results of the CT scan with a value of p = 0.040 (p?0.05) and there were significant differences between the levels of AFP and portal vein thrombus in HCC patients based on the results of CT scan examination with a value of p = 0.040 (p?0.05).

Conclusion : There is a significant correlation between AFP levels with the characteristics of liver lesions specifically the form of growth patterns and the presence of portal venous thrombus using CT scan examination of HCC patients in dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital.

Keywords : Hepatocellular carcinoma, Alpha fetoprotein, CT scan

Introduction: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignancy of the liver which is about 75% - 85%. The diagnosis of HCC is determined based on several factors, including the background of chronic liver disease, tumor markers, and imaging diagnosis. There are three main growth patterns of HCC that can be seen on computed tomography (CT)  scan : massive, nodular, and diffuse infiltrative. HCC is locally invasive and tends to invade the portal vein, inferior vena cava and bile duct. Alpha fetoprotein (AFP) is one of the tumor markers used for early diagnosis of KSH and plays an important role in the development and progression of HCC.

Objective : To determine the correlation between alpha fetoprotein levels with characteristics of liver lesions using CT scan examination in HCC patients.

Methods : This study was an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design. Sampling was done retrospectively by collecting medical record data and the results of abdominal CT scan readings from January to December 2019. The study was conducted at the Department of Radiology, Department of Clinical Pathology and Installation of Medical Records-SIRS Hospital Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung in February - April 2020. Univariable analysis was carried out to see the description of the proportion of each variable to be presented descriptively, which could be explained into descriptive analysis and hypothesis testing.

Results : There were 63 subjects, 48 men (76.2%), 15 women (23.8%), with the youngest age of 21 years, the oldest 86 years with an average age of 53.44 years. The highest average AFP levels were found in the group of patients with diffuse infiltrative growth patterns 93064.84 ± 177486,301 and the presence of a thrombus in the portal vein of 78770.98 ± 88358,791. The results of statistical tests using the Mann Whitney Test showed that there were significant differences between the levels of AFP and the growth pattern of liver lesions in HCC patients based on the results of the CT scan with a value of p = 0.040 (p?0.05) and there were significant differences between the levels of AFP and portal vein thrombus in HCC patients based on the results of CT scan examination with a value of p = 0.040 (p?0.05).

Conclusion : There is a significant correlation between AFP levels with the characteristics of liver lesions specifically the form of growth patterns and the presence of portal venous thrombus using CT scan examination of HCC patients in dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital.

Keywords : Hepatocellular carcinoma, Alpha fetoprotein, CT scan

PCNL was first performed in late 1970s and it heralded a breakthrough in the treatment of renal stones.¹ Although retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) is widely applied in upper urinary stones, the technique of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is still the treatment of choice for large and complex stones

PCNL was first performed in late 1970s and it heralded a breakthrough in the treatment of renal stones.¹ Although retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) is widely applied in upper urinary stones, the technique of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is still the treatment of choice for large and complex stones

PCNL was first performed in late 1970s and it heralded a breakthrough in the treatment of renal stones.¹ Although retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) is widely applied in upper urinary stones, the technique of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is still the treatment of choice for large and complex stones

Aim: Direct anterior composite restoration is the first preferred method for children in the mixed dentition stage to replace dental tissue lost to caries, trauma or similar reasons. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of cavity type and treating institution on clinical longevity of direct anterior composite restorations in children in the mixed dentition stage.

Material method: The data obtained from 114 direct anterior composite restorations performed in different institutions using the Modified USPHS criteria were evaluated according to cavity types and types of institutions where restorations were performed.

Results: It was found that the mean values of retention, marginal adaptation and postoperative sensitivity were higher in class IV restorations, the highest values were obtained from the restorations performed at the Public Oral Health Center, and there was a statistically significant difference. (p<0.05)

Conclusion: Although it has been shown that the clinical longevity of class IV composite restorations is shorter than other types of restoration in children in the mixed dentition stage, restorations performed at the University Dental Clinic have been found to be more successful.

Key words: Anterior restoration, Composite restoration, Direct composites, Pediatric dentistry, USPHS

Aim: Direct anterior composite restoration is the first preferred method for children in the mixed dentition stage to replace dental tissue lost to caries, trauma or similar reasons. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of cavity type and treating institution on clinical longevity of direct anterior composite restorations in children in the mixed dentition stage.

Material method: The data obtained from 114 direct anterior composite restorations performed in different institutions using the Modified USPHS criteria were evaluated according to cavity types and types of institutions where restorations were performed.

Results: It was found that the mean values of retention, marginal adaptation and postoperative sensitivity were higher in class IV restorations, the highest values were obtained from the restorations performed at the Public Oral Health Center, and there was a statistically significant difference. (p<0.05)

Conclusion: Although it has been shown that the clinical longevity of class IV composite restorations is shorter than other types of restoration in children in the mixed dentition stage, restorations performed at the University Dental Clinic have been found to be more successful.

Key words: Anterior restoration, Composite restoration, Direct composites, Pediatric dentistry, USPHS

Novel Corona virus, COVID – 19, virus is highly contagious, and has become pandemic globally in a very short period. This virus in human can cause illness ranging from common cold to severe respiratory tract symptoms as MERS, SARS. In the present study we report the clinical outcome of patients infected with COVID- 19, in Covid Center, GDMC, Dehradun, Uttarakhand. Material and Methods- All the patients infected with COVID- 19 in Garhwal region Uttarakhand, were admitted in Covid center, GDMC, Dehradun. We collected and analyzed the Data of laboratory confirmed COVID – 19 infection by RT- PCR. We also communicated with the patients and their family members regarding disease symptoms. Clinical outcome was compared and documented. The study protocol was approved by Ethical committee of GDMC, Dehradun, Uttarakhand. Results-About 4/5^th patients were males, most of the patients were aged between 21-30 years. Most of the patients (84.1%) were residents of Dehradun and all patient were Indian. Mortality rate was 1% in this study. Females had more complaint of pain abdomen while males had more complaint of chills (p-value <0.05). Conclusion- An outbreak of novel Coronavirus, COVID–19 disease has affected worldwide and continue to represent a serious public health issue affecting all ages. Complications and mortality were higher in elderly and comorbid patients. Clinical presentation of the disease was less severe in Dehradun, Uttarakhand and mortality rate is much lower than the other parts of the world.

Introduction: Laryngotracheal stenosis (LTS) is a complex condition that results in a compromised airway, involving trachea and/or larynx. The etiology of LTS has changed over the years, the common cause now being iatrogenic; post-intubation and post-tracheostomy. The evolution of early injury into stenosis depends on local and systemic factors. Objective of this Study is to  analyze, the clinical presentation and outcomes, following  management of LTS.

Methods: This study was carried out as a Retrospective  study .Review and Reports  of 200 cases /patients, who were diagnosed as LTS and surgically managed by various Tertiary Medical Institutes and Hospitals  over a period of 1 year   were included in the study. Data relating to the types of intervention, complications, and outcome were documented, filled  and statistically analysed

Results : Main etiology of LTS was Endotracheal Intubation in 83 % ( 166 ) cases and rest were ( 17%) Post Tracheostomy. The predominant site of stenosis in endotracheal intubated patients is the Tracheal (75.3%) & Subglottic and Upper Tracheal (18%) followed by glottis  (6.6%). In Post Tracheostomy / Tracheostomized  Cases the Predominant site was Suprastomal. 105 patients (52.5%) underwent T-tube stenting with Montgomery T-tube (temporary and permanent). Following resection and anastomosis, 94% had successful outcomes.Cricotracheal resection and anastomosis had a 100% successful outcome.

93% of the patients with LTS were managed successfully with a good outcome, 5 cases (2.5%)  failed on tracheostomy, 2% failed on T-tube, and 2.5 % awaiting decannulation. The overall success is more with resection and anastomosis procedures. Long term review showed that the airway, voice, and laryngeal protective mechanisms were well preserved in above 89% of the patients with a satisfactory result.

Conclusion: Management of LTS is a challenge. The procedure of choice is tracheal resection and anastomosis for tracheal stenosis but when the glottis and/or the subglottis is involved this surgical approach may not be applicable also it may not be feasible due to the extent of stenosis, underlying disease and general health of the patient. . The progress of resuscitation with improving care for ventilated patients has led to a marked decrease in the incidence of tracheal stenosis compared to the previous years.

Key Word : Laryngotracheal Stenosis , Retrospective evaluation , Endotracheal Intubation , Tracheostomy

Background: Pilonidal sinus disease is a common condition usually affecting young individuals and has been conventionally treated by open excision technique. Rhomboid Limberg is a transposition flap that has been pleaded for treatment of this condition. Aim: To study the outcome of Rhomboid excision with Limberg flap closure for the treatment of Sacrococcygeal Pilonidal sinus. Material and Methods: The study was conducted prospectively in the department of surgery Skims Medical College Srinagar from March 2014 to February 2019 and total of 55 patients with primary or recurrent pilonidal sinus disease were studied. Results: The average operative time was 60 minutes (range 50-80 minutes) Postoperative stay of patients in the hospital was 3-4 days.The complications were seen in total of four patients which included Seroma and mild gaping of the wound in one patient  each and  dehiscence in two patients. None of the patients had recurrence till date.Conclusions: Rhomboid excision with Limberg  flap transposition is an effective  surgical technique for management of pilonidal sinus.

Keywords: Pilonidal sinus, Limberg flap, rhomboid transposition flap, fasciocutaneous flap,